Motivic integration over Deligne-Mumford stacks (Q855513)

In this paper the author generalizes the theory of motivic integration to Deligne-Mumford stacks over an arbitrary perfect field \(k\), and he presents several applications to their birational geometry. The starting point is the notion of \textit{twisted \(n\)-jet}, that was already introduced by the author in [Compos. Math. 140, No. 2, 396--422 (2004; Zbl 1092.14028)] where he started the theory. Let \(\mathcal X\) be a separated DM stack of finite type over \(k\), \(R\) a \(k\)-algebra and \(\mu_\ell\) the group scheme of \(\ell\)th roots of unity, where \(\ell\) is prime to char(\(k\)). A twisted \(n\)-jet over \(\mathcal X\) is a representable morphism from a quotient stack \([(\text{Spec}\, R[[t]]/t^{n\ell +1}) /\mu_\ell]\) to \(\mathcal X\). A first result is that the category \(\mathcal J_n \mathcal X\) of twisted \(n\)-jets is itself a DM stack. Then a measure \(\mu_{\mathcal X}\) and an integration theory are constructed on the projective limit \(\mathcal J_{\infty}\mathcal X := \varprojlim \mathcal J_n \mathcal X\). We note here that the integrals take values in a certain semiring of equivalence classes of so-called \textit{convergent stacks}, avoiding localization and completion that was used in the \` classical\'\ case. A main result is the generalized transformation rule for motivic integrals. A new ingredient here is the \textit{shift number} \(\text{sht}(x) \in \mathbb Q\) of a geometric point of \(\mathcal J_0 \mathcal X\), defined in terms of the \(\mu_\ell\)-action on the tangent space to \(\mathcal X\) at the image of \(x\) in \(\mathcal X\). This induces a function \(s_{\mathcal X} : \mathcal J_\infty \mathcal X \to \mathcal J_0 \mathcal X \overset\text{sht}{} \mathbb Q\). Let \(\mathbb L\) be the class of the \` canonical\'\ convergent stack associated to \(\mathbb A^1\). Theorem. Let \(f:\mathcal Y \to \mathcal X\) be a tame proper birational morphism of DM stacks of finite type and pure dimension. Suppose that \(\mathcal Y\) is smooth and that \(\mathcal X\) is either a smooth DM stack or a variety. Then we have \[ \int F\mathbb L^{s_{\mathcal X}} d\mu_{\mathcal X} = \int (F \circ f_\infty) \mathbb L^{-\text{ord}\, \text{Jac}_f + s_{\mathcal Y}} d\mu_{\mathcal Y} \, , \] where \(f_\infty: \mathcal J_{\infty}\mathcal Y \to \mathcal J_{\infty}\mathcal X\) is induced by \(f\) and \(\text{Jac}_f\) is the Jacobian ideal sheaf. To a smooth DM stack \(\mathcal X\) of finite type over \(k\) and a \(\mathbb Q\)-divisor \(D\) on \(\mathcal X\) the author associates the invariant \(\Sigma(\mathcal X,D) := \int \mathbb L^{\text{ord}\, D + s_{\mathcal X}} d\mu_{\mathcal X}\). If \(k=\mathbb C\) and \(\mathcal X\) is proper, then \(\Sigma(\mathcal X,0)\) carries the information of the Hodge structure of the Chen-Ruan orbifold cohomology of \(\mathcal X\). If \(\text{char}(k)=0\) then, similar to the \` classical\'\ case, this invariant can be generalized as follows to singular stacks. Let \((\mathcal X, D)\) be any log DM stack and \(f:\mathcal Y \to \mathcal X\) a proper birational morphism with \(\mathcal Y\) smooth. Then \(\Sigma(\mathcal X,D) := \Sigma(\mathcal Y,f^*(K_{\mathcal X}+D)-K_{\mathcal Y})\). This is a common generalization and refinement of Batyrev's stringy \(E\)-function and the orbifold \(E\)-function. When such \((\mathcal X, D)\) and \((\mathcal X', D')\) are \(K\)-equivalent (in the stack sense), then it follows from the transformation rule that \(\Sigma(\mathcal X,D) = \Sigma(\mathcal X',D')\). As corollaries of this last result the author for instance presents another proof of the homological McKay correspondence, and shows that two \(K\)-equivalent proper and smooth DM stacks of finite type over \(\mathbb C\) have orbifold cohomologies with isomorphic Hodge structures, as was conjectured by Ruan.