The depth first processes of Galton-Watson trees converge to the same Brownian excursion (Q1431505)

The authors deduce relations between five depth processes associated with a critical Galton-Watson process which imply that all five processes (suitably normalized) converge to the same Brownian excursion. This yields an alternative proof of a result of \textit{D. Aldous} [Ann. Probab. 21, No. 1, 248--289 (1993; Zbl 0791.60009)] that avoids the use of the existence of the limiting continuum random tree. The authors' approach also permits them, among other things, to determine some concentration inequalities and bounds for large or moderate deviations for some functionals of trees or discrete excursions.