Normal band compositions of semigroups (Q1318926)

The authors investigate a construction of bands of arbitrary semigroups, and apply it to the study of normal bands of monoids. Let \(Y\) be a semilattice, for each \(\alpha \in Y\), let \(S_ \alpha\) be a semigroup. For every pair \(\alpha,\beta \in Y\) with \(\alpha \geq \beta\), let \(\phi_{\alpha,\beta}: S_ \alpha \to S_ \beta\) be a mapping such that: (1) \(\phi_{\alpha,\alpha}\) is the identity mapping on \(S_ \alpha\) and (2) \([(a \phi_{\alpha,\alpha\beta})(b \phi_{\beta,\alpha\beta})]\phi_{\alpha\beta,\gamma} = (a \phi_{\alpha,\gamma})(b\phi_{\beta,\gamma})\) for all \(\alpha,\beta \in Y\) with \(\alpha\beta \geq \gamma\) and all \(a \in S_ \alpha\), \(b \in S_ \beta\). Then, \(S = \bigcup\{S_ \alpha: \alpha \in Y\}\) becomes a semilattice \(Y\) of semigroups \(\{S_ \alpha: \alpha \in Y\}\) if multiplication \(*\) is defined on \(S\) by \(a*b = (a\phi_{\alpha,\alpha\beta})(b\phi_{\beta,\alpha\beta})\) for \(a\in S_ \alpha\), \(b \in S_ \beta\). This semigroup \(S\) is denoted by \(S = (Y; S_ \alpha, \phi_{\alpha,\beta})\). First, it is shown that a semigroup \(S\) is a normal band of monoids if and only if \(S = (Y; S_ \alpha,\phi_{\alpha,\beta})\) such that each \(S_ \alpha\) is a matrix of monoids. Let \(S\) be a band \(B\) of monoids \(\{S_ i: i\in B\}\), and \(e_ i\) the identity of \(S_ i\) for each \(i\). If \(e_ ie_ je_ k = e_ ie_ j\) for \(i,j,k \in B\) with \(i \geq j \geq k\), then \(S\) is called a weakly systematic band of monoids \(\{S_ i: i\in B\}\). The authors show the following result: A semigroup \(S\) is a strong semilattice of matrices of monoids if and only if \(S\) is a weakly systematic normal band of monoids. This result is a generalization of the result concerning systematic normal bands of monoids given by the reviewer [Math. Jap. 33, No. 5, 813-820 (1988; Zbl 0678.20036)].