Compatible Poisson structures on fibered 5-manifolds (Q2174771)

This paper studies special Poisson tensors on fibered manifolds. Consider a smooth manifold \(M\) with a smooth surjective submersion \(\pi\colon M\to B\), and assume that \(M\) is equipped with a smooth bivector field \(\Pi\in\Gamma(\bigwedge^2TM)\). Then \(\Pi\) is called an almost coupling tensor if there exists an Ehresmann connection \(H\subseteq TM\) on \(M\) for \(\pi\) such that \(\Pi^\sharp (V^\circ)\subseteq H\). Here, \(V:=\operatorname{kern}(T\pi)\subseteq TM\) is the vertical space of the projection \(\pi\). That is, the bivector field can be decomposed, via this choice of Ehresmann connection, as the sum of a purely vertical and a purely horizontal part. The bivector is a coupling bivector if \(\Pi^\sharp (V^\circ)= H\). The restriction of any bivector field to the open subspace \(M^\Pi\subseteq M\) where its horizontal part is of maximal rank is a coupling bivector. This paper decomposes the Jacobi identity for an almost coupling tensor in four equations in terms of the horizontal and vertical components of the tensor. It uses this to link, e.g., the flatness of the Ehresmann connection with the existence of almost coupling Poisson tensors on the fiber bundle. Then the case of a 5-dimensional orientable fibered manifold \(M\) with a 2-dimensional symplectic base \(B\) is studied. The authors show that in this setting, an almost coupling Poisson tensor is always encoded in a ``Poisson triple'' consisting in a choice of an Ehresmann connection \(\gamma\), a smooth function \(\kappa\) on \(M\) and a vertical one-form \(\beta\in\Gamma(H^\circ)\). The function \(\kappa\) is the contraction of the horizontal component of the Poisson tensor with the pullback of the symplectic form on \(B\), and the one-form \(\beta\) is defined by a choice of volume form on \(M\) and the vertical part of the Poisson tensor. Note however that this triple is not unique. Finally, unimodularity criteria are given for an almost coupling Poisson tensor and a choice of Poisson triple associated to it, and symmetries of the four integrability conditions obtained by the decomposition of the Jacobi identity are studied.