Graded polynomial identities and codimensions: computing the exponential growth. (Q990751)

The paper under review is devoted to the quantitative study of the \(G\)-graded polynomial identities of a \(G\)-graded algebra \(A\) over a field \(F\) of characteristic zero, where \(G\) is a finite Abelian group. The \(G\)-graded analogue of the celebrated theorem of Regev for the exponential bound of the codimensions states that if \(A\) satisfies an ordinary polynomial identity, then the \(G\)-codimension sequence \(c^G_n(A)\), \(n=1,2,\dots\), defined in terms of the \(G\)-graded polynomial identities, is also exponentially bounded. The present paper establishes an important result which gives that the \(G\)-exponent \(\lim_{n\to\infty}\root n\of{c^G_n(A)}\) exists and is an integer. This is a graded analogue of a result of \textit{A. Giambruno} and \textit{M. Zaicev} [Adv. Math. 140, No. 2, 145-155 (1998; Zbl 0920.16012), ibid. 142, No. 2, 221-243 (1999; Zbl 0920.16013)]. The authors give an explicit way of computing the \(G\)-exponent. By a recent result of \textit{E. Aljadeff, A. Kanel-Belov} [Adv. Math. 225, No. 5, 2391-2428 (2010; Zbl 1206.16014)] and \textit{I. Sviridova} [Commun. Algebra (to appear)], if \(A\) is a \(G\)-graded PI-algebra, then over a suitable extension of the field \(F\) there exists a finite dimensional \(G\times\mathbb{Z}_2\) algebra \(R\) such that the \(G\)-graded identities of \(A\) coincide with the \(G\)-graded identities of the Grassmann envelope of \(R\). The authors prove that the \(G\)-exponent of \(A\) is equal to the dimension of a suitable semisimple \(G\times\mathbb{Z}_2\)-graded subalgebra related to this algebra \(R\). Although the approach of the present paper follows the main steps of the approach of Giambruno and Zaicev for the ordinary exponent, now the authors have to overcome many new essential obstacles due to the peculiar properties of graded polynomial identities.