La courbe modulaire \(X_ 0(125)\) et sa jacobienne. (The modular curve \(X_ 0(125)\) and its Jacobian) (Q1084462)

The author examines the modular curve \(X_ 0(125)\) and its Jacobian \(J_ 0(125)\). \(J_ 0(125)\) is known to be isogenous over \({\mathbb{Q}}\) to \(A_ 1\times A_ 2\times A_ 3\) where \(A_ 1\) and \(A_ 2\) are abelian varieties of dimension \(2\) and \(A_ 3\) is an abelian variety of dimension \(4.\) Here it is shown that \(A_ 1({\mathbb{Q}})\cong {\mathbb{Z}}\times {\mathbb{Z}}\), \(A_ 2({\mathbb{Q}})\cong {\mathbb{Z}}/5{\mathbb{Z}}\), \(A_ 3({\mathbb{Q}})\cong {\mathbb{Z}}/5{\mathbb{Z}}\), and \(J_ 0(125)({\mathbb{Q}})\cong {\mathbb{Z}}\times {\mathbb{Z}}\times {\mathbb{Z}}/25{\mathbb{Z}}\). The author proves that the Eisenstein factor \(J_ 0^{(5)}(125)\) of \(J_ 0(125)\) has only finitely many \({\mathbb{Q}}\)-rational points. \textit{M. A. Kenku} [J. Lond. Math. Soc., II. Ser. 23, 415-427 (1981; Zbl 0425.14006)] showed that the only \({\mathbb{Q}}\)- rational points on \(X_ 0(125)\) are 0 and \(\infty\). An alternate proof of this fact is given in this article.