Boundary-value problems for second-order equations and for systems of first-order equations (Q1355864)

The author studies the Noether property for the following problem \[ \Delta u =0,\;x=(x',x_n),\;x'\in\mathbb{R}^{n-1},\;x_n>0, \tag{1} \] \[ \omega \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_n}+l(u)=f(x'), x'\in\mathbb{R}^{n-1}, \tag{2} \] where \(l=\sum _{j=1}^{n-1} \phi_j \frac{\partial}{\partial x_j}\), and \(\omega, \phi_j, f\) are the real-valued functions on \(\Gamma = \{x_n=0\}\). The author investigates problem (1), (2) in the case when the Shapiro-Lopatinsky conditions are violated, by reducing this problem to pseudodifferential equations on \(\Gamma\). In connection with this problem appears in a natural way the adjoint oblique derivative problem for equation (1) with the condition \[ \omega \frac{\partial u}{\partial x_n}-l(u)=f(x'), x'\in\mathbb{R}^{n-1},\tag{3} \] The main results are contained in the following theorems. Theorem 1. If \(l(\omega)>0\) everywhere on the manifold \(N=\{x'\in\mathbb{R}^{n-1}, \omega(x')=0\}\), then the homogeneous problem corresponding to \((1)\), \((2)\) has only constant solutions, and the homogeneous problem corresponding to \((1)\), \((3)\) has an infinite set of linearly independent solutions and the problem \((1)\), \((3)\) itself is solvable by observing no more than a finite number of orthogonality conditions imposed on the function \(f\). Theorem 2. A problem with conditions on the boundary \(\Gamma\) \[ \omega \frac{\partial v}{\partial x_n}-l(v)=f(x'), v|_N=\Psi, \] for regular harmonic functions in the half-space \(x_n>0\) is Noetherian, if \(l(\omega)>0\) everywhere on the manifold \(N\), considering functions \(f\) and \(\Psi\) as being continuously differentiable. The oblique derivative problem for the multidimensional analogues of the Cauchy-Riemann system is treated from this point of view, too.