Fiber dimension for invariant subspaces (Q2344315)

Let \(\Omega\subseteq {\mathbb C}\) be a nonempty, open, bounded and connected set with \(0\in \Omega\). For an analytic operator \(T\) (for the definition see the paper) acting on a Hilbert space \(K\) it is said that \(U: K \to H\) is a CF representation of \(T\) if \(U\) is a unitary map from \(K\) onto a Hilbert space \(H\) which is satisfying the conditions (1) \(H\) consists of \({\mathbb C}^d\)-valued analytic functions over \(\Omega\); (2) for each \(\lambda \in \Omega\), the evaluation functional \(f\mapsto f(\lambda)\) is a continuous map from \(H\) to \({\mathbb C}^d\); (3) if \(f\in H\), then \(zf\in H\), where \(z\) is the coordinate function; moreover, the multiplication operator \(M_{z-\lambda}\) is bounded below for each \(\lambda \in \Omega\); (4) \(\dim(H\ominus zH)=\sup_{\lambda \in \Omega}\dim\{ f(\lambda): f\in H\}\); \noindent such that \(UT=M_zU\). Now, for an invariant subspace \({\mathcal M}\subseteq K\) of an analytic operator \(T\), the fiber dimension of \({\mathcal M}\) is defined by \(\text{fd}({\mathcal M})=\sup_{\lambda \in \Omega}\dim\{ f(\lambda);\, f\in U{\mathcal M}\}\) for some CF representation \(U\) of \(T\). In the first part of the paper, two other definitions of fiber dimension are given; one via an asymptotic formula and the other via a sheaf model. An invariant subspace \({\mathcal M}\) of an analytic operator \(T\) is said to be CF if \(\text{cod}({\mathcal M}):=\dim({\mathcal M}\ominus T {\mathcal M})\) is equal to the fiber dimension \(\text{fd}({\mathcal M})\). Several characterizations of CF subspaces are obtained, including one in terms of Samuel multiplicity. In the second part of the paper, lattice-additive formulas for \(\text{fd}(\cdot )\) and \(\text{cod}(\cdot )\) are studied. A new concept called absorbance is introduced. The absorbance relation describes a rough containment of an invariant subspace into another which enables to give a partial answer to the question when the span of infinitely many CF subspaces is a CF subspace. In the last section, CF envelopes are studied. It is shown that for any invariant subspace \({\mathcal M}\) of an analytic operator there exists a unique smallest CF subspace containing \({\mathcal M}\).