Geometry of Banach spaces of trinomials (Q2470500)

Let \(\mathcal{P}_{m,n}(\mathbb{R})\) denote the \(3\)-dimensional space of polynomials of the form \(ax^m+bx^n+c\), with \(m,n \in \mathbb{N}\), \(m>n\) and \(a,b,c \in \mathbb{R}\). The mapping which assigns to each such polynomial its coordinates \((a,b,c)\) in the basis \(\{x^m, x^n, 1\}\) of \(\mathcal{P}_{m,n}(\mathbb{R})\) is a linear isomorphism which allows the identification of \(\mathcal{P}_{m,n}(\mathbb{R})\) with \(\mathbb{R}^3\). The following formula \[ \|(a,b,c)\|_{m,n}= \max_{x\in [-1,1]} |ax^m+bx^n+c| \] defines a norm on \(\mathbb{R}^3\). \textit{R.\,M.\thinspace Aron} and \textit{M.\,Klimek} [Arch.\ Math.\ 76, 73--80 (2001; Zbl 1019.52002)] described the geometry of the space \((\mathbb{R}^3, \|\cdot\|_{2,1})\). In this article, the authors find an explicit formula for the norm \(\|\cdot\|_{m,n}\), use it in order to obtain a parametrization and a sketch of the unit sphere of \((\mathbb{R}^3, \|\cdot\|_{m,n})\), a fact which allows them to obtain a characterization of the extreme points of the unit ball of \((\mathbb{R}^3, \|\cdot\|_{m,n})\). It turns out that the geometry of \((\mathbb{R}^3, \|\cdot\|_{m,n})\) depends essentially on the parity of \(m,n \in \mathbb{N}\).