Klein's surface of genus three and associated theta constants. (Q1961903)

Let \(R\) be a Klein's surface of genus three, that is, \(R\) is the closed Riemann surface defined by the equation \(y^7=x(x-1)^2\). Since \(R\) admits an automorphism \(T\) of order 7, it is considered as a 7-sheet covering surface of the Riemann sphere. Also, it is known that the order of the automorphism group of \(R\) is \(168=84(3-1)\), which is the largest of compact Riemann surfaces of genus three. In this paper the author constructs a period matrix of \(R\), which is different from known ones, and gives the proportionalities of associated theta constants of \(R\), which is the homogeneous coordinate of the projective image of the Jacobian variety associated to \(R\). In order to obtain the proportionalities, \(36=2^{3-1}(2^3+1)\) theta constants are classified into 6 orbits by the action of the representation of \(T\) in \(H_1(R)\), the first homology group of \(R\). Several theta identities with respect to the theta constants give equations of the proportionalities, and approximate values of representatives of the 6 orbits solve them.