Rank one Eisenstein cohomology of local systems on the moduli space of abelian varieties (Q763646)

Let \(\mathcal A_g\) be the moduli stack of \(g\)-dimensional principally polarized abelian varieties. In this paper, the author studies the boundary contribution of the cohomology of a local system on \(\mathcal A_g\), viewed as either a mixed Hodge structure for the complex topology, or as a Galois representation for the etale topology. For each dominant weight \(\lambda=(\lambda_1,\dots, \lambda_g)\) with \(\lambda_1\geq \lambda_2 \geq \dots \geq \lambda_g\) of \(\text{Gsp}_{2g}\), one associates a local system \(\mathbb V_\lambda\) on \(\mathcal A_g\). The cohomology of this local system is closely related to vector-valued Siegel modular forms. Consider the Euler characteristic \( e(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda):=\sum_{i} (-1)^i [H^i(\mathcal A_g, \mathbb V_\lambda)] \) in the Grothendieck group of an appropriate category, i.e. MHS or Galois representations. Similarly consider the compactly supported analogue \( e_c(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda):=\sum_{i} (-1)^i [H^i_c(\mathcal A_g, \mathbb V_\lambda)]. \) The Euler characteristic of the Eisenstein cohomology is defined as the difference \( e_{\text{Eis}}(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda):= e(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda)-e_c(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda). \) Let \(\tilde {\mathcal A}_g\) be a smooth toroidal compactification of \(\mathcal A_g\). The Satake compactification \(\mathcal A^*_g\) has a natural stratification \(\mathcal A^*_g=\coprod_{i=0}^g \mathcal A_i\). Let \(q:\tilde {\mathcal A}_g \to \mathcal A^*_g\) and \(j:{\mathcal A}_g \to \tilde {\mathcal A}_g\) be the natural maps. One can rewrite \(e_{\text{Eis}}\) as \( e_{\text{Eis}}(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda)=e(\tilde {\mathcal A}_g, Rj_* \mathbb V_\lambda)-e(\tilde {\mathcal A}_g, Rj_! \mathbb V_\lambda)= \sum_{i=1}^{g-1} e_c( q^{-1}(\mathcal A_i) ,Rj_* \mathbb V_\lambda- Rj_! \mathbb V_\lambda). \) The contribution of the rank 1 part is defined as \( e_{\text{Eis,1}}(\mathcal A_g,\mathbb V_\lambda):= e_c(q^{-1}(\mathcal A_{g-1}) ,Rj_* \mathbb V_\lambda- Rj_! \mathbb V_\lambda). \) The main theorem (Theorem 2.1) computes \(e_{\text{Eis,1}}\) in terms of compactly supported cohomology of another explicit local system on \(\mathcal A_{g-1}\). The author also computes the full \(e_{\text{Eis}}\) for \(g=1,2\).