On \(e^\ast\)-supplemented modules (Q6110088)

A submodule \(N\) of an \(R\)-module \(M\) is \textit{small} if whenever \(A\) is a submodule of \(M\) such that \(M=N+A\), then \(M=A\); a submodule \(B\) of \(M\) is called a \textit{supplement} of a submodule \(N\) if \(M=B+N\) and \(B\bigcap N\) is small in \(B\). This concept is a widely used generalisation of direct summand. In this paper, by weakening the definitions in various ways, the authors introduce no less that seven generalisations of supplemented modules. They describe their properties, deduce the relations among them and present examples, mainly drawn from finite commutative rings.