Quantitative estimates on the binding energy for hydrogen in non-relativistic QED. II: The spin case (Q6486833)

This paper presents the study of the atom of hydrogen, i. e., an electron (or a spin \(1/2\) particle) interacting with the electrostatic potential generated by a static nucleus of charge \(eZ\), that is described by the free-hydrogen-atom, Schrödinger-Coulomb Hamiltonian \(H_o := -\Delta - \alpha Z/| x | (\alpha\) is the fine-structure constant approximately equal to 1/137 and treated here as a small parameter), and with the quantized electromagnetic field in the Coulomb gauge. The latter interaction is accounted for by adding to \(H_o\) the photon field energy operator \(H_f\) and an operator \(I(\alpha)\) describing the coupling of the electron to the quantized electromagnetic field - the so called Pauli-Fierz operator. For generality, the spin-Zeeman interaction term, \(\sqrt{\alpha}\sigma\cdot B(x)\) where \(B\) = curl\(A\), is added.NEWLINENEWLINEThe goal of this work is to perturbatively estimate the binding energy of the hydrogen atom within the non-relativistic QED. Notice that for the free hydrogen, the binding energy, inf spec(\(-\Delta)\) - inf spec(\(H_o\)) = \((Z \alpha)^2/4\), is the energy that is required to remove the electron to an infinity. The main result of this work is to analytically derive the hydrogen binding energy within the Pauli-Fierz model with the spin-Zeeman interaction term up to the order \(\alpha^3\).