Newtonian and Schinzel quadratic fields (Q534015)

A sequence \(A\) of elements \(a_0,a_1,\dots,a_n\) of a domain \(R\) with quotient field \(K\) is called a \textit{Schinzel sequence} if for every ideal \(I\) of \(R\) having finite norm \(N(I)=|R/I|\leq n\) the first \(N(I)\) elements represent each residue class \(\bmod\;I\). It is called a \textit{Newton sequence} if for every polynomial \(f\in K[X]\) of degree \(k\leq n\) \(f\) maps \(R\) into \(R\) if and only one has \(f(a_j)\in R\) for \(j=0,1,\dots,k\). It is an old question whether there exists an infinite sequence \(a_i\) of integers of an algebraic number field \(K\neq Q\) such that for every \(n\) the elements \(a_0,a_1,\dots,a_n\) form a Schinzel sequence. It was shown by \textit{B. Wantuła} [Zesz. Nauk. Polit. Śl., Mat.-Fiz. 24, 173--178 (1974; Zbl 0346.12001)] for quadratic fields, by \textit{J. Latham} [J. Lond. Math. Soc. 6, 555--560 (1973; Zbl 0259.12004)] for imaginary cubic fields, and by \textit{R. Wasén} [Colloq. Math. 30, 89--104 (1974; Zbl 0254.12002)] for pure extensions of \(Q\) of a fixed prime degree that this can happen only in finitely many cases. The authors determine the length of the longest Schinzel sequence for each quadratic extension of the rationals and do the same for Newton sequences (this time with at most finitely many exceptions). They consider also quadratic extensions \(K\) of the function field \(F_q(T)\) and show that the length of a Schinzel sequence is bounded apart of certain evident cases, when the ring of integers is isomorphic to a function field. A similar result holds for Newton sequences, apart from finitely many exceptions.