Concentration and non-concentration for the Schrödinger evolution on Zoll manifolds (Q303765)

A smooth, connected, compact Riemannian manifold \((M,g)\) without boundary such that all its geodesics are closed is a Zoll manifold. The equation \(i\partial_tv(t,x)=(-\frac12\Delta_g+V(x))v(t,x)\) with \(v_{|t=0}=u\in L^2(M)\) is the Schrödinger equation. The corresponding semiclassical Schrödinger equation is \[ ih\partial_t\psi_h(t,x)+\frac{h^2}{2}\Delta_g\psi_h(t,x)-\varepsilon_h^2V=0,\quad (t,x)\in\mathbb{R}\times M, \] where \(\psi_h\bigl|_{t=0}=u_h,\) \(u_h\) being a highly oscillating initial datum whose characteristic length of oscillation is of order \(h\), \(\varepsilon_h\to 0\) as \(h\to 0\), and \(\Delta_g\) is the Laplace-Beltrami operator. If \(v_h\) is a sequence of solutions, then every accumulation point of \((v_h)\) is an element of \(L^\infty(\mathbb R,\mathcal{P}(M))\), where \(\mathcal{P}(M)\) is the set of probability measures on \(M\). In this paper, the authors study the long time dynamics of the Schrödinger equation on Zoll manifolds and try to understand the dynamics of the sequence of solutions \(v_h\) at time scales \(\tau=(\tau_h)\). For a sequence of solutions \(v_h\) every accumulation point of \((v_h)\) is an element of \(L^\infty(\mathbb R,\mathcal{P}(M))\), where \(\mathcal{P}(M)\) is the set of probability measures on \(M\), and \(\mathcal{N}(\tau,\varepsilon)\) is the set of such accumulation points. One of the authors' goals is to understand the structure of the set \(\mathcal{N}(\tau,\varepsilon)\). The other goal is to find conditions under which the solutions of the Schrödinger equation can or cannot concentrate on a given closed geodesic, in particular, they establish some results on the set of semiclassical measures for eigenfunctions of Schrödinger operators. Also, the authors show that if a potential \({V \in C^{\infty} (\mathbb{S}^{d})}\) is added to the Laplacian on the sphere, then there exist geodesics \({\gamma}\) such that the uniform measure supported on \({\gamma}\) cannot be obtained as a weak-\({\star}\) accumulation point of the densities \({(|\psi_{n}|^{2} \mathrm{vol}_{\mathbb{S}^d})}\) for any sequence of eigenfunctions \({(\psi_n)}\) of \({\Delta_{\mathbb{S}^{d}} - V}\).