Compact complete null curves in complex 3-space (Q375837)

We recall that a \textit{null curve in \(\mathbb C^3\)} is a holomorphic immersion \(F = (F_1, F_2, F_3): M \to \mathbb C^3\) of an open Riemann surface into \(\mathbb C^3\) with the complex bilinear form \((dF_1)^2 + (dF_2)^2 + (dF_3)^2\) equal to \(0\) at all points. It is called \textit{complete} if \(M\) is complete with respect to the pull-back of the Riemannian metric of \(\mathbb C^3\). It is called \textit{compact} if \(M\) is a relatively compact domain in an open Riemann surface \(\mathcal R\) and \(F\) admits a continuous extension to the closure \(\overline M\) in \(\mathcal R\). We also recall that the real and imaginary parts of a null curve \(F: M \to \mathbb C^3\) are conformal minimal immersions of \(M\) in \(\mathbb R^3\). Due to this, any compact complete null curve automatically provides a pair of conjugate complete bounded minimal surfaces in \(\mathbb R^3\). The main result of this paper is the following: Let \(S\) be an open orientable surface of finite topology. Then, there exist a Riemann surface \(\mathcal R\) homeomorphic to \(S\), a relatively compact domain \(M \subset \mathcal R\), also homeomorphic to \(S\), and a complete compact null curve \(F: M \to \mathbb C^3\) with the property that \(F|_{\overline M \setminus M}: \overline M \setminus M \to \mathbb C^3\) gives an embedding of \(\overline M \setminus M \) into \(\mathbb C^3\), with \(F(\overline M \setminus M)\) of Hausdorff dimension \(1\). The null curve \(F: M \to \mathbb C^3\) can be constructed in such a way that the set \(F(\overline M \setminus M)\) is arbitrarily close (with respect to the Hausdorff distance in \(\mathbb C^3\)) to the boundary of any given (not necessarily complete) compact null curve \(G:N \to \mathbb C^3\), with \(N\) homeomorphic to \(S\) and non empty boundary \(G(\partial N)\). This theorem is obtained as a direct consequence of a general result on deformations of null curves, which has various other applications.