Orthogonally additive polynomials on Fourier algebras (Q458303)

A map \( \phi \) from a Banach algebra \( A \) onto a Banach space \( Y \) is said to be orthogonally additive if \( \phi(a + b) =\phi(a) + \phi(b) \) whenever \( a, b\in A \) are such that \( ab =ba =0 \). \textit{C. Palazuelos} et al. [Q. J. Math. 59, No. 3, 363--374 (2008; Zbl 1159.46035)] characterized these maps for the case where \( A \) is a \( C^* \)-algebra. They proved that for an integer \( n \), every continuous orthogonally additive \( n \)-homogeneous polynomial \( P \) on \( A \) can be represented in the form \[ P(a) =\langle \omega, a^n\rangle\qquad (a\in A) \] for some \( \omega\in A^*\). Let \(G\) be a locally compact group with a left Haar measure and let \(VN(G)\) be the von Neumann algebra of \(G\), i.e., the von Neumann algebra on the usual Hilbert space \(L^2(G)\) generated by the operators \(\lambda(s)\) for \(s\in G\), where \(\lambda\) stands for the left-regular representation of \(G\) on \(L^2(G)\). The predual of \(VN(G)\) can be realized as a commutative Banach algebra of continuous functions on \(G\), namely, the Fourier algebra \( A(G)\) consisting of all coefficient functions \[ s\mapsto\langle\lambda (s)\xi, \eta\rangle \] for \(\xi, \eta\in L^2(G)\). In the paper under review, the authors investigate whether this representation still holds true for orthogonally additive \( n \)-homogeneous polynomials on \( A(G) \). They show that a (complex-valued) \( n \)-homogeneous polynomial \( P \) on \( A(G) \) can be represented in the form \(P=P_T^n\) for some \( T\in VN(G) \) if and only if it is orthogonally additive and completely bounded, where \[ P_T^n(f):=\langle T, f^n\rangle\qquad (f\in A(G)). \] In fact, they prove in their first main result that for each \(n\in{\mathbb N}\) with \( n\geq 2\), the following statements hold: {\parindent=0.6cm\begin{itemize}\item[(1)] a completely bounded \( n \)-linear form on \( A(G) \) is orthosymmetric if and only if it is partitionally orthosymmetric; \item[(2)] the map \( T\longmapsto \varphi_T^n \) is a completely isometric isomorphism from \( VN(G) \) onto the space of all completely bounded orthosymmetric \( n \)-linear forms on \( A(G) \); \item[(3)] the map \( T\longmapsto P_T^n \) is a completely isometric isomorphism from \( VN(G) \) onto the space of all completely bounded orthogonally additive (complex-valued) \( n \)-homogeneous polynomials on \( A(G) \). \end{itemize}} Next, the authors reveal that the preceding theory applies to other Banach algebras such as the Figà-Talamanca-Herz algebras \( A_p(G)\) and commutative \( C^* \)-algebras; in fact, they show that if \(G\) is amenable and \(n\) is an integer with \( n\geq 2 \), and \( p, q \in (1, \infty)\) with \( 1/p + 1/q=1 \), then the following statements hold: {\parindent=0.6cm\begin{itemize}\item[(1)] a completely bounded \( n \)-linear form on \( A_p(G) \) is orthosymmetric if and only if it is partitionally orthosymmetric; \item[(2)] the map \( T\longmapsto \varphi_T^n \) is a complete isomorphism from the dual space \( A_p(G)^*\) onto the space of all completely bounded orthosymmetric \( n \)-linear forms on \( A_p(G) \); \item[(3)] the map \( T\longmapsto P_T^n \) is a complete isomorphism from \( A_p(G)^*\) onto the space of all completely bounded orthogonally additive \( n \)-homogeneous polynomials on \( A_p(G) \). \end{itemize}} In the last result, the authors prove that for a commutative \( C^*\)-algebra \( A \) and for an integer \(n\) with \( n\geq 2 \), the following statements hold: {\parindent=0.6cm\begin{itemize}\item[(1)] a continuous \( n \)-linear form on \( A \) is orthosymmetric if and only if it is partitionally orthosymmetric; \item[(2)] the map \( T\longmapsto \varphi_T^n \) is an isometry from the dual space \( A^*\) onto the space of all continuous orthosymmetric \( n \)-linear forms on \( A \); \item[(3)] the map \( T\longmapsto P_T^n \) is an isomorphism from \( A^*\) onto the space of all continuous orthogonally additive \( n \)-homogeneous polynomials on \( A\). \end{itemize}}