On various approaches to Besov-type spaces of variable smoothness (Q517959)

Let \(p,q\in(0,\infty]\) and \(S_e\) be the set of all smooth functions \(g\) such that \[ \sup_x \exp(N|x|)\sum_{|\beta|\leq N}|D^\alpha g(x)| \] is finite for all \(N\in\mathbb{N}_0\). In this paper, a new class of generalized Besov space \(B^{\varphi_0}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n,\{t_k\})\) with variable smoothness is introduced and studied. This space is defined as the collection of all distributions \(f\) in \(S'_e\) such that \[ \|f|B^{\varphi_0}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n,\{t_k\})\|=\left(\sum_{k=0}^\infty\|t_k(\varphi_k\ast f)|L_p\|\right)^{1/q} \] is finite, where \(\{t_k\}\) is a weight sequence belonging to a general class \(\mathcal{X}^{\alpha_3}_{\alpha,\sigma,p}\) of weight sequences, \(\varphi\in \mathcal{D}\) with \(\int \varphi_0=1\), and \(\varphi_k(x)=2^kn(\varphi_0(2^kx)-2^{-n}\varphi(2^{k-1}x))\). This class generalizes the classical weighted Besov spaces and also the 2-microlocal Besov spaces. As the main result of this paper, the author proves that, for certain parameters, this space \(B^{\varphi_0}_{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^n,\{t_k\})\) coincides with the space \(\widetilde{B}^{l}_{p,q,r}(\mathbb{R}^n,\{t_k\})\), which was introduced by the author in [Sb. Math. 206, No. 6, 849--891 (2015; Zbl 1364.46034); translation from Mat. Sb. 206, No. 6, 85--128 (2015); Nonlinear Anal., Theory Methods Appl., Ser. A, Theory Methods 128, 248--272 (2015; Zbl 1346.46031)] via the method of nonlinear spline approximation. As an application, an equivalent description of the trace space of Sobolev spaces with Muckenhoupt weights is obtained.