\(L^p\) polyharmonic Dirichlet problems in regular domains. II: The upper half plane (Q652504)

In order to study the Navier (Riquier) boundary value problem for the polyharmonic equation, higher order Poisson kernels serve to get the solution in explicit form. As for the harmonic operator the Poisson kernel is given by the outward normal derivative at the boundary of the harmonic Green function, for the polyharmonic equation the polyharmonic Poisson kernels are given as the normal derivatives of the related polyharmonic Green function. In the case of Navier boundary conditions these Green functions are defined by a convolution process from harmonic Green functions. Unfortunately, the outcome of this process is involved even in the basic case of the unit disc of the complex plane, so that no explicit formulas are available for general \(n\)-th order polyharmonic operators. In his 2008 Ph.D. thesis the first named author has attempted the problem to construct the polyharmonic Poisson kernels for the unit disc directly without relation to the polyharmonic Green function solely on the basis of its fife characteristic properties, see [the reviewer, the first author and \textit{N. Wang}, in: Pseudo-differential operators. Complex analysis and partial differential equations. Including papers from the international workshop, York University, Toronto, 2008. Basel: Birkhäuser (2010; Zbl 1213.30083)] and [the first author, {G. Guo} and \textit{N. Wang}, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 362, No. 1, 1--16 (2010; Zbl 1183.31001)]. In the present paper the case of the upper half plane is treated. The Navier problem is explicitly solved as before for the unit disc with \(L^p\) data. The proof is by induction and an algorithm given for constructing the polyharmonic Poisson kernels of any order. These kernels are here called higher order Schwarz kernels. But the classical Schwarz kernel is related to the Cauchy kernel and analytic while the Poisson kernel is the real part of the Schwarz kernel and thus harmonic. This polyharmonic Navier problem is treated for a half space in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) with smooth data in [\textit{J. Musialek}, Zeszyty nauk. Uniw. Jagiellonski. 403, Prace Mat. 17, 47--50 (1975; Zbl 0325.31010)].