Multiple fibres of a morphism (Q750546)

Let \(\phi: X\to C\) be a fibration and let \(m_ 1D_ 1,...,m_ tD_ t\) be all its multiple fibres, where X is a complex manifold and C a smooth quasiprojective curve. Now let \[ G(\phi):=Co\ker \quad ({\mathbb{Z}}\to \oplus^{t}_{i=1}{\mathbb{Z}}_{m_ i});\quad L(\phi)=:\sum \oplus^{t}_{i=1}{\mathbb{Z}}_{m_ i}. \] Then the author shows that the sequence \(H_ 1(F,{\mathbb{Z}})\to H_ 1(X,{\mathbb{Z}})\to H_ 1(C,{\mathbb{Z}})\times G(\phi)\to 0\) is exact where F is a smooth fibre. This is a generalization of an earlier result when X is an elliptic surface. Furthermore the author shows that the groups G(\(\phi\)) and L(\(\phi\)) are invariant under deformation.