Some identities involving certain Hardy sums and Ramanujan sum (Q2577867)

In this paper, the authors consider the Dedekind sum, the Hardy sum, the Ramanujan sum and two other related sums which are defined by \[ S(d,c)=\sum^c_{j=1}\left(\left(\frac jc\right)\right)\left(\left(\frac {dj}c\right)\right),\quad S_3(d,c)=\sum^{c-1}_{j=1}(-1)^{j+1+[dj/c]},\quad R_c(d)=\sum^c_{b=1}{}'e^{2\pi idb/c}, \] \[ S_1(d,c)=\sum^c_{j=1}(-1)^{[\frac{dj}c]}\left(\left(\frac jc\right)\right)\text{ and }S_2(d,c)=\sum^c_{j=1}(-1)^j \left(\left(\frac jc\right)\right)\left(\left(\frac {dj}c\right)\right), \] respectively, where \(((x))=x -[x]-\frac12\) for \(x\in\mathbb R\setminus\mathbb Z\) and \(((x)) = 0\) for \(x\in\mathbb Z\), and \(\sum{}'\) in the notation of \(R_c(d)\) denotes the summation over all \(b\) such that \((b,c) = 1\). They obtain four theorems including the following: Theorem 1. Let \(c\geq 3\) be a square. Then \[ \sum^c_{h=1}{}'R_c(h-1)S(h,c)=\frac{\varphi^2(c)}{12}\prod_{p| c}\left(1+\frac 1p\right), \] where \(\varphi(d)\) is the Euler function. Theorem 2. Let \(c\geq 3\) be an odd square. Then \[ \sum^c_{h=1}{}'R_c(2h + 1)S_3(2h,c) =\varphi^2(c)\prod_{p| c}\left(1 +\frac1p\right). \]