Effective stability for slow time-dependent near-integrable Hamiltonians and application (Q386663)

The author considers a nonautonomous perturbation of an integrable Hamiltonian system and establishes an effective stability result under the assumption that the perturbation changes slowly in time. More specifically, the setting in this: If \(B_\rho\) is the open ball in \(\mathbb{R}^n\) of radius \(\rho\) (with respect to the supremum norm) around the origin, a function \(h\in C^2(B_\rho)\) is called ``steep'' if for any affine subspace \(S\) of \(\mathbb{R}^n\) intersecting \(B_\rho\), the restriction of \(h\) to \(S\) has only isolated critical points. It is assumed that the operator norm \(|\nabla^2 h(I)|\) is bounded uniformly for \(I\in B_\rho\). A complex domain \(D_{r,s}\) is defined by \[ D_{r,s}= \{(\theta, I,t)\in (\mathbb{C}^n/\mathbb{Z}^n)\times\mathbb{C}^n\times\mathbb{C}\mid|\text{Im} (\theta_1), \dots, \text{Im}(\theta_n)|< s,|\text{Im}(t)|< s, d(I,B_\rho)< r\}, \] where \(\theta= (\theta_1,\theta_2,\dots,\theta_n)\), \(r,s> 0\) and the distance \(d\) is induced by the supremum norm. For fixed \(\lambda> 0\) and small \(\varepsilon\), \(0<\varepsilon< 1\), the author considers the real analytic function \[ H(\theta,I,t)= h(t)+ f(\theta,I,e^\lambda t) \] defined on \(D_{r,s}\) and assumes that \(|f(\theta, I,t)|\leq t\) for any \((\theta,I,t)\in D_{r,s}\), and also that \(h\) is steep. The main result is that there exist positive constants \(\varepsilon_0\), \(C_1\), \(C_2\) and \(C_3\) (depending on \(n\), \(\rho\), \(h\), \(r\), \(s\) and \(\lambda\)) and positive constants \(a\) and \(b\) (depending only on \(n\) and \(h\)) such that if \(\varepsilon<\varepsilon_0\), then for all solutions \((\theta(t), I(t))\) of the Hamiltonian system defined by \(H\) if \(I(0)\in B_{\rho/2}\), then the estimate \(|I(t)- I(0)|< C_1\varepsilon^b\) holds for all times \(t\) such that \(|t|< C_2\exp(C_3 e^{-a})\).