Teichmüller curves in genus two: Torsion divisors and ratios of sines (Q2505544)

The present paper proves a conjecture formulated earlier by the author [Math. Ann. 333, 87--130 (2005; Zbl 1086.14024)], completing his classification of Teichmüller curves in the Teichmüller space for curves of genus two. Earlier the author classified Teichmüller curves either coming from differentials with double zeros or from lifting the moduli space of elliptic curves, now he proves that the only exception not falling into these classes comes frome the so-called decagon form \(dx/y\) on the curve \(y^2 = x(x^5-1)\) or -- in another interpretation -- billards on the regular decagon. Compared with former papers, the main new ingredients used here are a theorem of \textit{M. Möller} explaning the relation of the trace field of the Veech group for the differential on the one hand and certain torsion points of the Jacobian on the other [Invent. Math. 165, No. 3, 633--649 (2006; Zbl 1111.14019)], and a nice elementary theorem saying that for a given positive integer \(d\), only a finite number of pairs of rationals \(\alpha, \beta, \; 0< \alpha < \beta \leq 1/2\,\) can give quotients \(\, \sin (\pi \alpha) / \sin (\pi \beta )\,\) of algebraic degree \( \leq d\,\).