Bipartite posets of finite prinjective type (Q1268090)

Consider a bipartite poset \(I\), that is, a finite partially ordered set \(I\) together with the partition \(I=I'\cup I''\) such that there is no relation \(j\preceq i\) for \(i\in I'\) and \(j\in I''\). Given a field \(k\) the incidence algebra \(kI\) of the poset \(I\) has a natural triangular matrix form \(\left(\begin{smallmatrix} kI'&M\\ 0&I''\end{smallmatrix}\right)\) for a suitable \(kI'\)-\(kI''\)-bimodule \(M\). Denote by \(\text{prin}(kI)\) the category of prinjective \(kI\)-modules, that is, right finitely generated \(kI\)-modules of the form \((X',X'',\phi\colon X'\otimes_{kI'}M\to X'')\), where \(X'\) is a projective \(KI'\)-module, \(X''\) is an injective \(kI''\)-module and \(\phi\) is a \(kI''\)-homomorphism. This category has a natural interpretation in terms of a matrix problem defined by \(I\). A bipartite poset \(I\) is of finite prinjective type if there are only finitely many isomorphism classes of indecomposable prinjective \(kI\)-modules. The main result of the paper is a criterion for finite prinjective type of bipartite posets. The criterion is expressed in terms of the Tits quadratic form \(q^I\colon\mathbb{Z}^I\to\mathbb{Z}\) associated with \(I\). More precisely, it is proved that a bipartite poset \(I\) is of finite prinjective type if and only if the Tits quadratic form \(q^I\) is weakly positive, that is \(q^I(v)>0\) for each nonzero vector \(v\) with nonnegative coordinates. This is a generalization of a result of \textit{D. Simson} [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 90, No. 1, 73-103 (1993; Zbl 0815.16006)]. Moreover, a list of critical bipartite posets, that is, posets which are minimal in the class of bipartite posets not of finite prinjective type is given in the paper. It is also shown that if \(I\) is of finite prinjective type then all indecomposable prinjective \(kI\)-modules have trivial endomorphism rings and no selfextensions and the Auslander-Reiten quiver of \(\text{prin}(kI)\) is a union of preprojective components. Moreover there is a bijection between isomorphism classes of indecomposable prinjective \(kI\)-modules and positive roots of the form \(q^I\), that is, vectors \(v\in\mathbb{Z}^I\) with nonnegative coordinates for which \(q^I(v)=1\).