On syntactic nearrings of even dihedral groups (Q2366155)

Associated with any group semiautomaton \(S = (G,I,\delta)\) is a near-ring contained in \(M(G)\), the near-ring of all mappings from \(G\) to itself, and which is called the syntactic near-ring of \(S\), \(N(S)\). The authors are concerned with the special case when \(I\), the set of inputs, is the same as the group \(G\), the set of states and \(\delta : G \times I \to G\), the transition function is closely related to \(G\). Further, for most of this paper, take \(G\) to be \(D_ n\) the dihedral group of order \(2n\), \(n\) even and \(\delta(x,y) = x + y\), the sum of \(x\) and \(y\) in the group \(G\). The first set of results concerns \(S = (G,G,\delta)\) with \(\delta(x,y) = x + y\), and \(G\) a group of finite exponent. In particular \(N(G,G,\delta) = I(G) + M_ c(G)\), where \(I(G)\) is the d.g. near-ring generated by the inner automorphisms of \(G\) and \(M_ c(G)\) is the subnear-ring of \(M(G)\) consisting of constant maps. Turning to \(G = D_ n\), detailed information about the structure of \(N(S)\) is obtained, including a canonical form for the elements, as well as addition and multiplication tables. This leads to an analysis of the zero-symmetric part of the near- ring, and a description of its group of units. This is then extended to the whole near-ring, giving both the structure of the near-ring and of its group of units. The last section considers ideals of \(N(S)\). A large number of ideals are identified including some which are the kernels of epimorphisms onto appropriate abstract affine near-rings. It is interesting that none of the nontrivial ideals identified here are contained in the zero-symmetric part of the near-ring. This is a very thorough and useful analysis of this family of near-rings.