Fractional conformal Laplacians and fractional Yamabe problems (Q2441202)

The first part of the article is devoted to fractional conformal Laplacian while the basic second part concerns fractional Yamabe problems. Based on the works of several predecessors, the authors formulate the fractional Yamabe problem and obtain some properties for the fractional case which are analogues to the original Yamabe problem with the help of the established Hopf-type maximum principle. Then sharp weighted Sobolev trace inequalities are analyzed. Further on any conformal manifold, the fractional Yamabe constant associated with an asymptotically hyperbolic metric is defined and it is shown that one of the standard round spheres associated to the standard hyperbolic metric is the largest. Taking a subcritical approximation result the following theorem is proved. Suppose that \((X^{n+1},g^+)\) is an asymptotically hyperbolic manifold and, in addition, that the mean curvature \(H\) is zero when \(\gamma \in (\frac{1}{2}, 1)\). Then if \(-\infty<\Lambda_{\gamma}(M,[\hat{h}])<\Lambda_{\gamma}(S^n,[g_c]),\) the \(\gamma\)-Yamabe problem is solvable for \(\gamma \in (0,1)\). Then at the usage of some computations from [\textit{J. F. Escobar}, Ann. Math. (2) 136, No. 1, 1--50 (1992; Zbl 0766.53033)] and a suitable test function, the authors provide another sufficient condition for the solvability of the \(\gamma\)-Yamabe problem for \(\gamma \in (0,1)\).