Nonclassical solutions of fully nonlinear elliptic equations (Q2475588)

The very interesting paper under review deals with nonclassical solvability of the Dirichlet problem for fully nonlinear elliptic equations of the form \[ \begin{cases} F(D^2u)=0\;& \text{in}\;\Omega,\\ u=\varphi\;& \text{on}\;\partial\Omega, \end{cases} \tag{\(*\)} \] where \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^n\) is a bounded domain with smooth boundary, \(\varphi\in C^0(\partial\Omega)\) and \(F\) is smooth and uniformly elliptic. The main result of the paper asserts existence of a nonclassical viscosity solution of the equation \(F(D^2u)=0\) in \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^{12}.\) Precisely, the authors prove the following Theorem. The function \[ w(x)={{\text{Re}(\omega_1\omega_2\omega_3)}\over {| x| }}, \] where \(\omega_i\in \mathbb H,\) \(i=1,2,3,\) are Hamiltonian quaternions, \(x=(\omega_1,\omega_2,\omega_3)\in \mathbb H^3=\mathbb R^{12},\) is a viscosity solution in \(\mathbb R^{12}\) of the fully nonlinear equation \(F(D^2u)=0.\) Since the homogeneous order-2 function \(w\) is smooth in \(\mathbb R^{12}\setminus\{0\}\) and has discontinuous second order derivatives at \(0,\) and immediate consequence is the following Corollary. Let \(\Omega\subset\mathbb R^{12}\) be the unit ball and \(\varphi=w\) on \(\partial\Omega.\) Then there exists a smooth and uniformly \(F\) such that the Dirichlet problem \((*)\) has no classical solution.