On comparison of \(M\)-, \(G\)-, and \(S\)-representations (Q1184196)

Let \(F\) be a field of positive characteristic, \(K\) be an extension of \(F\) and \(\mathbb{F}_ q\) be the field of \(q\) elements. Let \(M=M_ n(F)\), \(G=G_ n(F)\), and \(S=S_ n(F)\) be the semigroup of \(n\times n\)-matrices over \(F\) and its subgroups of all invertible and unimodular matrices, respectively. The article under review is devoted to the discussion of conditions on a finite dimensional \(KM\)-module \(V\) under which the following properties hold: i) every \(G\)- (\(S\)-)submodule of \(V\) is an \(M\)-submodule; and ii) the images of \(S\), \(G\) and \(M\) in \(\text{End}_ k V\) span the same subalgebra. Below these images are denoted by \(\overline {KM}\), \(\overline {KG}\) and \(\overline {KS}\), respectively. The study of such questions is motivated by the works of \textit{S. Doty} [J. Algebra 95, No. 2, 373-383 (1985; Zbl 0577.20031)], the author [ibid. 99, 370-421 and 102, 284-300 (1986; Zbl 0588.20039 and Zbl 0588.20040)] and \textit{L. Kovács} [Proc. Symp. Pure Math. 47, 207-218 (1987; Zbl 0652.20045)] on symmetric and \(q\)-truncated symmetric powers of the natural \(KM\)- module. The main results are formulated in terms of weights. Here weights are strings \(\lambda=(l_ 1,\dots,l_ n)\) where the \(l_ i\)'s are nonnegative integers. A weight \(\lambda\) is called \(q\)-restricted if all \(l_ i<q\), the integer \(\sum_{i=1}^ n l_ i\) is called the norm of \(\lambda\). Polynomial characters of the semigroup of diagonal matrices in \(M_ n(F)\) are parametrized by weights (respectively, by \(q\)-restricted weights) if \(| F|=\infty\) (respectively, \(| F|=q\)). Proposition 1. Let \(| F|=\infty\) and let \(V\) afford a polynomial homogeneous \(K\)-representation of \(M\). Then \(\overline {KS}=\overline {KM}\). Theorem 1. Let \(F\) and \(V\) be such as in Proposition 1, \(\mathbb{F}_ q\subset F\). Assume that every weight of \(V\) is \(q\)-restricted. Then \(\overline {KS_ n(\mathbb{F}_ q)} =\overline {KM_ n(F)}\). Theorem 2. Let \(F=\mathbb{F}_ q\), \(q>2\). Assume that the maximum of the norms of weights of an \(M\)-module \(V\) is at most \(n\). Then \(\overline {KG} = \overline {KM}\). Theorem 2 fails for \(S\) for every \(q\) and for \(G\) if \(q=2\). The article also contains some results on the \(d\)th symmetric power \(S^ d\) of the natural \(KM\)-module. Here \(K\) is assumed to be infinite, \(F=\mathbb{F}_ q\). It is shown that for any fixed \(n\) there are infinitely many \(d\) such that \(S^ d\) contains a 1-dimensional \(G\)-submodule which is not an \(M\)-submodule. The author points out a family of such submodules connected with Dickson generators. It is proved that every \(G\)-submodule of \(S^ d\) is an \(M\)-submodule if \(d<2(q-1)\), \(n\geq 2\) or \(n\geq 3\), \(d=2(q-1)\). Earlier \textit{D. Glover} has noticed [in J. Algebra 51, 425-475 (1978; Zbl 0376.20008)] that for \(n=2\) and prime \(q\) the module \(S^{2(q-1)}\) contains a \(G\)-submodule not invariant under \(M\).