On the class numbers of the fields of the \(p^n\)-torsion points of certain elliptic curves over \(\mathbb{Q}\) (Q2352019)

Let \(E\) be an elliptic curve defined over \(\mathbb Q\) with conductor \(p\) and minimal discriminant \(\Delta\). The \(p^n\)-torsion subgroup of \(E\) is denoted by \(E[p^n]\), and the field of definition of the coordinates of points in \(E[p^n]\) is denoted by \(K_n\). According to Mordell-Weil theorem, one has \(E(\mathbb Q)=T\times A\), where \(T\) is the torsion subgroup and \(A\) is the free abelian subgroup of \(E(\mathbb Q)\). If \([p^n]_E\) is the multiplication by \(p^n\) map on \(E\), then \(L_n\) is the field \(K_n\left([p^n]_E^{-1}A\right)\). The main goal of this paper is to find a lower bound for the exponent \(\kappa_n\) defined as follows: \[ \left[L_n\cap K_n^{\text{un}}:K_n\right]=p^{\kappa_n} \] where \(K_n^{\text{un}}\) is the maximal unramified abelian extension of \(K_n\). In fact, the lower bound depends on the rank \(r\) of the elliptic curve \(E\) over \(\mathbb Q\). More precisely, the authors prove that \(\kappa_n\geq (2r-4)n\) for each \(n\geq 1\). This result generalizes work of \textit{R. Greenberg} [Adv. Stud. Pure Math. 30, 335--385 (2001; Zbl 0998.11054)], from CM-elliptic curves to non-CM elliptic curves.