A Cartier-Milnor-Moore-Quillen theorem for the dendriform bigebras and the brace algebras (Q5957778)

A dendriform algebra \(D\) is a vector space with two operations of multiplication \(\prec\) and \(\succ\) with properties which guarantee that the product made of the sum \(x\prec y+y\succ x\) is associative. A dendriform bialgebra is a dendriform algebra with additional structure of a Hopf algebra. A brace algebra \(B\) is a vector space provided with a family of \(n\)-linear operations for all \(n\geq 2\) satisfying certain compatibility axioms, regarding the natural action of the symmetric group \(S_n\) on the \(n\)-th tensor power \(B^{\otimes n}\). It is known that any dendriform algebra has a natural structure of a brace algebra and the space of primitive elements of a dendriform bialgebra is a brace subalgebra. To any brace algebra \(B\) one may attach an envelopping dendriform algebra \(\widetilde{\mathcal U}(B)\). The main result of the paper under review gives an equivalence between the categories of brace algebras and connected dendriform bialgebras. The equivalence is given by the functor \(B\to\widetilde{\mathcal U}(B)\) and the quasi-inverse functor is defined by \(D\to\text{Prim}(D)\). The main step of the proof is to establish the isomorphisms \(B\cong \text{Prim}(\widetilde{\mathcal U}(B))\) and \(D\cong\widetilde{\mathcal U}(\text{Prim}(D))\). [Very recently, similar isomorphisms have been established for graded dendriform bialgebras by \textit{M. Ronco}, C. R. Acad. Sci., Paris, Sér. I, Math. 332, No. 2, 109-114 (2001; Zbl 0978.16031)]. This is an analogue of the Cartier-Milnor-Moore-Quillen theorem which establishes the equivalence between the categories of Lie algebras and of connected cocommutative Hopf algebras.