On sums of powers of almost equal primes (Q5892347)

This paper studies the problem of representations of natural numbers as sums of the same powers of several primes. The main result of the paper is: Let \(k, s\) and \(n\) are natural numbers, \(k\geq2\), \(s\geq k^2+k+1\) and \(\theta>31/40\). Then the equation \(n=p_1^k+\cdots+p_s^k\), for primes \(p_1,\cdots,p_s\), has solutions, if \(n\) is sufficiently large, \(n\) and \(k\) are congruent modulo product of special powers of primes and if \(|p_j-(\frac{n}{s})^{1/k}|\leq n^{\theta/k}\) for the each mentioned \(p_j\). This result sharpens the known estimates with \(\theta>19/24\).