Riemann-Roch for equivariant \({\mathcal D}\)-modules. I (Q910446)

We prove a Riemann-Roch theorem for weakly equivariant algebraic \({\mathcal D}\)-modules for the action of complex diagonalisable groups on smooth complex quasi-projective algebraic varieties. Let X denote such a variety provided with the action of a complex diagonalisable group D. Let \({\mathcal O}_ X\) (\({\mathcal D}_ X)\) denote the structure sheaf of the variety X (the sheaf of algebraic linear differential operators on X, respectively.) It is shown that every equivariant coherent algebraic \({\mathcal D}_ X\)-module admits a good invariant global filtration. Next we obtain an equivariant `first exact sequence of Spencer'. The equivariant first exact sequence of Spencer enables us to prove the Riemann-Roch theorem for D-equivariant \({\mathcal D}_ X\)-modules at the level of the Grothendieck groups as is done by \textit{B. Malgrange} [Manuscr. Math. 50, 49-71 (1985; Zbl 0572.32014)] and by \textit{B. Angeniol} and \textit{M. Lejeune-Jalabert} [in Systèmes differentiels et singularités, Colloq. Luminy/Fr. 1983, Astérisque 130, 130-160 (1985; Zbl 0569.14007)] for the non-equivariant case. A similar argument proves a Riemann-Roch theorem for D-equivariant \({\mathcal D}_ X\)-modules whose supports are contained in a fixed D-invariant and possibly-singular closed subvariety. An appendix discusses results of a general nature about equivariant modules.