BVPs for differential operators with characteristic degenerate surfaces (Q2266172)

This paper is devoted to a differential operator P(x,D) of order m, defined in a bounded domain \(\Omega \subset R^ n\), whose leading part, \(P_ m(x,D)\) has real coefficients. Assume that P is of smooth coefficients and that the conditions \(H_ i\) are \(fulfilled.\) \((H_ 1)\) There exists a function \(\psi (x)\in C^{\infty}({\bar \Omega})\) with \(d\psi |_{{\bar \Omega}}\neq 0\) such that \(\partial \Omega =S_ 1\cup S_{-1}\), say \(S_ t=\{x|\) \(\psi (x)=t\}\), \(t\in [-1,1].\) (H\({}_ 2)\) \(P_ m(x,d\psi)\neq 0\) outside \(S_ 0\) and \(\psi_{x_ j}\cdot p^ j_ m(x,\tau d\psi +\eta)\neq 0\) as \(p_ m(x,\tau d\psi +\eta)=0\), \(\tau \in R^ 1\), \(R^ n\ni \eta\) non-parallel \(d\psi\), \((x,\eta) \bar\in S_ 0\times \{0\}.\) \((H_ 3)\) \(p^ j_ m(x,d\psi)|_{s_ 0}=0\) \((j=1,...,n)\), \(d\psi \cdot d(p_ m(x,d\psi))|_{s_ 0}\neq 0\) and the matrix \((p^{jk}(x,d\psi)|_{s_ 0})\) has (n-1) positive eigenvalues. A sign function on \(S_ 0\), \(sgn(S_ 0,P)=Re C_{m-1}(x,d\psi)+((m- 1)/2)d\psi \cdot d(p_ m(x,d\psi))/| d\psi |^ 2\) where \(C_{m-1}(x,\xi)\) is just the subprincipal symbol of \(\sqrt{-1} P\), can be associated. Consider the following boundary value problem \(P(x,D)u=f\) in \(\Omega\), \(B_{j_ a}(x,D)u=g_{j_ a}\) on \(S_ a\), \(j_ a\in F_ a\) for some subsets \(F_ a\) of \(\{\) 0,...,m-1\(\}\) where \(a=-1,1\). Here \(B_ j(x,D)\), \(F_ a\) are of generalized Lopatinskij type and closely related to the sign a of \(sign(S_ 0,P).\) The main result of this paper is: Theorem. Let \((H_ 1)-(H_ 3)\) be satisfied. If \(sgn(S_ 0,P)<0\) (or \(>(m-1)d\psi \cdot (dp_ m(x,d\psi))/| d\psi |^ 2)\), then the boundary value problem of generalized Lopatinskij type is well-posed.