Weighted exponential approximation and non-classical orthogonal spectral measures (Q624327)

A long-standing open problem in harmonic analysis is: given a non-negative measure \(\mu \) on \(\mathbb R\), find the infimal width of frequencies needed to approximate any function in \(L^2(\mu )\). This problem is considered in the ``perturbative regime'', and the asymptotic smallness of perturbations of measures is characterized which do not change that infimal width. Then, this result is applied to show that there are no local restrictions on the structure of orthogonal spectral measures of one-dimensional Schrödinger operators on a finite interval. This answers a question raised by V.A. Marchenko.