Invariant basis number and types for strongly graded rings (Q5936937)

Let \(R\) be a ring. \(R\) has invariant basis number (or simply IBN) if for any pair of positive numbers \(n_1\) and \(n_2\), the free left \(R\)-modules \(R^{n_1}\) and \(R^{n_2}\) are isomorphic if and only if \(n_1=n_2\). If \(R\) is a non-trivial ring without IBN, then for some \(m\not=n\) \(R^m\cong R^n\). We take \((n,n+k)\) to be the first such pair of distinct integers \((n,m)\) in the lexicographic order. In this case \(R\) is said to have basis-number type (or simply type) \((n,k)\). The main result of the paper shows that for any pair of positive integers, there exists a ring of type this pair such that it is strongly graded by \(\mathbb{Z}_2\) and the identity component has IBN. Moreover, the author constructs a strongly \(\mathbb{Z}_2\)-graded ring such that the ring has type \((n,k)\) and the identity component has type \((n',k')\) for any pairs of positive integers \((n,k)\) and \((n',k')\) with \(n'\leq n\) and \(k'\mid k\).