Quasisymmetric maps on the boundary of a negatively curved solvable Lie group (Q431235)

The author studies quasisymmetric maps on the ideal boundary of a particular negatively curved solvable Lie group. Let \(A=\left(\begin{matrix} 1&1\\0&1\end{matrix}\right)\), and let \(\mathbb R\) act on \(\mathbb R^2\) by \((t,v)\to e^{tA}v\), \(t\in\mathbb R\), \(v\in \mathbb R^2\). Denote the corresponding semi-direct product by \(G_A=\mathbb R^2\rtimes_A\mathbb R\). The group \(G_A\) is a simple connected solvable Lie group. For any proper Gromov hyperbolic geodesic space \(X\) and any \(\xi\in\partial X\) there are so-called parabolic visual (quasi)metrics on \(\partial X\setminus\{\xi\}\). A parabolic visual quasimetric \(D\) on \(\partial G_A\setminus\{\xi_0\}\) is given by: \[ D((x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2))=\max\{|y_2-y_1|,|(x_2-x_1)-(y_2-y_1)\ln|y_2-y_1||\} \] for all \((x_1,y_1),(x_2,y_2)\in\mathbb R^2=\partial G_A\setminus\{\xi_0\}\), where \(0\ln0\) is understood to be 0. The author defines three different parabolic visual quasimetrics on the ideal boundary, and finds an explicit formula for one of them. Let \(\eta:[0,\infty)\to[0,\infty)\) be a homomorphism. A bijection \(F:X\to Y\) between two quasimetric spaces is \(\eta\)-quasisymmetric if for all distinct triples \(x,y,z\in X\), we have \[ \frac{d(F(x),F(y))}{d(F(x),F(z))}\leq\eta\left(\frac{d(x,y)}{d(x,z)}\right). \] A map \(F:X\to Y\) is quasisymmetric if it is \(\eta\)-quasisymmetric for some \(\eta\). It is proved that every self quasisymmetric map of \((\mathbb R^2,D)\) maps horizontal lines to horizontal lines. The proof belongs to Bruce Kleiner. Here more details of \(G_A\) are provided. The following is the main result of the paper. Theorem. Every quasisymmetric map \(F:(\mathbb R^2,D)\to(\mathbb R^2,D)\) is a biLipschitz map. A bijection \(F:(\mathbb R^2,D)\to(\mathbb R^2,D)\) is a quasisymmetric map if and only if it has the following form: \(F(x,y)=(ax+c(y),ay+b)\) for all \((x,y)\in\mathbb R^2\), where \(a\neq0\), \(b\) are constants and \(c:\mathbb R\to\mathbb R\) is a Lipschitz map. One should contrast this with quasiconformal maps of the round sphere or the Euclidean space, where there are plenty of non-biLipschitz quasiconformal maps. On the other hand the conclusion of the Theorem is not as strong as in the case of quaternionic hyperbolic space, Cayley plane and Fuchsian building, where every quasisymmetric map of the ideal boundary is actually a conformal map. In the given case, there are many non-conformal quasisymmetric maps of the ideal boundary of~ \(G_A\). The author calculates the quasiisometry group of \(G_A\) and identifies all the quasiisometries of \(G_A\) up to bounded distance. From this it is easy to see that all quasiisometries of \(G_A\) are almost isometries and are height-respecting.