Log Hodge theoretic formulation of mirror symmetry for Calabi-Yau threefolds (Q2254964)

Let \(V\) and \(V^{o}\) be mirror smooth Calabi-Yau threefolds, \(p_o\) be a maximally unipotent monodromy point of a smooth compactification \(\overline{\mathcal M }(V ^{o})\) of the complex moduli space \(\mathcal M (V^{o})\) of \(V^{o}\) and \(q_o\) be a large radius limit point on a compatible smooth com\-pac\-ti\-fi\-ca\-tion \(\overline{ \mathcal k \mathcal M } (V)\) of the Kähler moduli space \(\mathcal k \mathcal M (V)\) of \(V\). Suppose that there is a mirror map \(\mu _{p_o, q_o} : U(P_o) \rightarrow U'(q_o)\) from a neighborhood \(U(p_o)\) of \(p_o\) on \(\overline{\mathcal M} (V^{o})\) in a neighborhood \(U'(q_o)\) of \(q_o\) on \(\overline{ \mathcal k \mathcal M } (V)\). Mirror symmetry conjecture can be formulated as an existence of a lifting of \(\mu _{p_o, q_o}\) to an isomorphism \(( \mathcal H ^{V^{o}}, Q, \nabla ^{\text{GM}}, \mathcal H _{\mathbb Z} ^{V^{o}}, \mathcal F, \widetilde{\Omega}, g_o) \widetilde{\rightarrow} ( \mathcal H ^V, S, \nabla ^{\text{middle}}, \mathcal H _{\mathbb Z} ^{V}, \mathcal F, 1, [\text{pr}])\) of the \(B\)-variation of polarized Hodge structure on \(V^{o}\) with specified sections \(\widetilde{\Omega}, g_o\) onto the \(A\)-variation of polarized Hodge structure on \(V\) with specified sections \(1\), \([ \text{pr} ]\) over \(\mathcal M ( V^{o}) \widetilde{\rightarrow} \mathcal k \mathcal M (V)\). The work under review shows that the aforementioned condition is equi\-va\-lent to the pre\-sence of a lifting of \(\mu _{p_o, q_o}\) to an isomorphism of the B-log variation of polarized Hodge structure on \(V^{o}\) with specified sections \(\widetilde{\Omega}\), \(g_o\) onto the A-log variation of polarized Hodge structure on \(V\) with specified sections \(1\), \([ \text{pr} ]\) over \(\overline{\mathcal M} (V^{o}) \widetilde{\rightarrow} \overline{\mathcal k \mathcal M} (V)\). The notion of a log variation of Hodge structure was introduced by \textit{K. Kato} and \textit{S. Usui} [Classifying spaces of degenerating polarized Hodge structures. Annals of Mathematics Studies 169. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press (2009; Zbl 1172.14002)]. A log structure on a local ringed space \((S, \mathcal O_S)\) is a sheaf of monoids \(M\) on \(S\) with such a monoid homomorphism \(\alpha: M \rightarrow ( \mathcal O_S,.)\) that \(\alpha ^{-1} \mathcal O_S ^* \widetilde{\rightarrow} \mathcal O_S ^*\). A monoid \(M_s\), \(s \in S\) is integral if \(ab=ac\) for \(a, b, c \in M_s\) implies \(b=c\). Let \(M^{\text{gr}}_s\) be the abelian group, generated by \(M_s\). The monoid \(M_s\) is saturated if all \(a \in M^{\text{gr}}_s\) with \(a^n \in M_s\) for some \(n \in \mathbb N\) belong to \(M_s\). A fs log structure on \((S, \mathcal O_S)\) is a log structure, given by a sheaf \(M\) of finitely generated, integral, saturated monoids on \(S\). For appropriate local ringed spaces \((S, \mathcal O_S)\) with a fs log structure \(M\), let \(S^{\text{log}}\) be the set of the pairs \((s,h)\), where \(s \in S\) and \(h : M^{\text{gr}}_s \rightarrow (S^1, .)\) is a group homomorphism with \(h(u) = \frac{u}{|u|}\) for \(\forall u \in \mathcal O_{S,s} ^*\). Making use of the canonical projection \(\tau : S^{\text{log}} \rightarrow S\), \(\tau (s,h) = s\), Kato and Usui endow \(S^{\text{log}}\) with a sheaf \(\mathcal O_S^{\text{log}}\) of \(\tau ^{-1} (\mathcal O_S)\)-algebras, generated by the logarithms of \(\tau ^{-1} (M^{\text{gr}})\). Let \(H_{\mathbb Z}\) be a locally constant sheaf of free \(\mathbb Z\)-modules of finite rank over \(S^{\text{log}}\), \(\langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle : H_{\mathbb Q} \times H_{\mathbb Q} \rightarrow \mathbb Q\) be a \((-1)^w\)-symmetric \(\mathbb Q\)-bilinear form on \(H_{\mathbb Q} := H_{\mathbb Z} \otimes _{\mathbb Z} \mathbb Q\) and \(H_{\mathcal O}\) be a locally free \(\mathcal O_s\)-module on \(S\) with a specified isomorphism \(\mathcal O_s^{\text{log}} \otimes _{\mathbb Z} H_{\mathbb Z} \simeq \mathcal O_S ^{\text{log}} \otimes _{\mathcal O_S} H_{\mathcal O}\). Suppose that there is a specified decreasing filtration \(FH_{\mathcal O}\) of \(H_{\mathcal O}\) with locally free \(F^p H_{\mathcal O}\), \(H_{\mathcal O} / F^p H_{\mathcal O}\) and \(F^p := \mathcal O_S ^{\text{log}} \otimes _{\mathcal O_S} F^p H_{\mathcal O}\) is \(\langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle\)-orthogonal to \(F^q\) for all \(p +q > w\). Then \((H_{\mathbb Z}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle, H_{\mathcal O})\) is called a pre-polarized log Hodge structure of weight \(w\) on \(S\). Let \(s \in S\) be a fs log point, \(t \in s^{\text{log}}\) and \(\{ q_j \, | \, 1 \leq j \leq n \} \subset M_s\) be a subset, whose image in \(M_s / \mathcal O_s ^*\) generates \(M_s / \mathcal O_s ^*\) as a monoid. A specialization \(a : \mathcal O_{s,t} ^{\text{log}} \rightarrow \mathbb C\) is sufficiently twisted if \(\exp (a \log q_j)\) is sufficiently close to \(0\) for \(\forall 1 \leq j \leq n\). Denote \(F(a) := F_t \otimes _{\mathcal O_{s,t} ^{\text{log}}} \mathbb C\) and consider the sheaf \(\omega _s ^{1, \text{log}}\) of log differential \(1\)-forms on \((s^{\text{log}}, \mathcal O_s ^{\text{log}})\), as well as the log Gauss-Manin connection \(\nabla : d \otimes 1_{H_{\mathbb Z}} : \mathcal O_s ^{\text{log}} \otimes H_{\mathbb Z} \rightarrow \omega _s ^{1, \text{log}} \otimes H_{\mathbb Z}\). If \(\nabla F^p \subset \omega _s ^{1,\text{log}} \otimes F^{p-1}\) for \(\forall p\) and \((H_{\mathbb Z,t}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle _t, F(a))\) is a polarized Hodge structure for the sufficiently twisted specializations \(a : \mathcal O_{s,t} ^{\text{log}} \rightarrow \mathbb C\) then \((H_{\mathbb Z}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle, H_{\mathcal O})\) is a polarized log Hodge structure on \(s\). If the pull-back of \((H_{\mathbb Z}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle, H_{\mathcal O})\) over \(S\) to any \(s \in S\) is a polarized log Hodge structure, then \((H_{\mathbb Z}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle, H_{\mathcal O})\) is called a polarized log Hodge structure on \(S\). A fs log analytic space \(Z\) is log smooth when it is locally isomorphic to an open subset of a toric variety. The spaces \(S\) under consideration are contained in fs log analytic spaces \(Z\) and endowed with the strong topology, with respect to which \(U \subset S\) is open exactly when for any morphism of analytic spaces \(f: A \rightarrow Z\) with \(f(A) \subset S\) the preimage \(f^{-1} (U) \subset A\) is open. Is \(S\) is log smooth and \((d \otimes 1_{H_{\mathbb C}})F^p \subset \omega _S ^{1, \text{log}} \otimes F^{p-1}\) for \(\forall p\) then the polarized log Hodge structure \((H_{\mathbb Z}, \langle \text{ }, \text{ } \rangle, H_{\mathcal O})\) on \(S\) is called a log variation of polarized Hodge structure. Let \(D = G_{\mathbb R} /V\) be a period domain and \(\Gamma\) be a discrete subgroup of \(G_{\mathbb R}\). The formulation of mirror symmetry conjecture as an isomorphism of log variations of polarized Hodge structure is a first step towards understanding this conjecture in terms of the various compactifications of \(\Gamma \setminus D\), constructed by Kato and Usui. The result is proved in two ways - by log Hodge theoretic interpretation of Schmid's Nilpotent Orbit Theorem and by a specific correspondence table between the A-model of \(V\) and the B-model of \(V^{o}\) over \((S ^{\text{log}}, \mathcal O_S^{\text{log}})\). The table provides explicitly the polarizations, the specific sections, inducing \(\mathbb Z\)-bases of the graded quotients, the action of the A-model connection \(\nabla = \nabla ^{\text{middle}}\) on \(V\) and the B-model Gauss-Manin connection \(\nabla = \nabla ^{\text{GM}}\) on \(V^{o}\), as well as \(\nabla\)-flat \(\mathbb Z\)-bases of \(\mathcal H _{\mathbb Z} ^V\), respectively, \(\mathcal H _{\mathbb Z} ^{V^{o}}\). It comprises an explicit A-model monodromy weight filtration and a Hodge filtration of \(\mathcal H^V\).