Homogenization of nonlinear degenerate non-monotone elliptic operators in domains perforated with tiny holes (Q708839)

The paper presents reiterated homogenization results for a steady problem posed in a bounded domain \(\Omega \) of \(\mathbb{R}^{N}\) containing many non periodically distributed tiny holes. From a unit reference hole \(T\) the author builds the collection \(T_{\varepsilon }=\bigcup _{k}\varepsilon ^{2}(k+T) \), where \(k\) belongs to an infinite subset \(S\) of \(\mathbb{Z}^{N}\). The problem under consideration is \[ -{\text{div}}\, a(x,x/\varepsilon ,u_{\varepsilon },Du_{\varepsilon })+a_{0}(x,x/\varepsilon ,u_{\varepsilon },Du_{\varepsilon })=f \text{ in }\Omega _{\varepsilon } \] where \(\Omega _{\varepsilon }=\Omega \setminus T_{\varepsilon }\). Boundary conditions \(a(x,x/\varepsilon ,u_{\varepsilon },Du_{\varepsilon })\cdot n=0\) on \(\partial T_{\varepsilon }\) and \(u_{\varepsilon }=0\) on \(\partial \Omega \) are imposed. Here \(a\) and \( a_{0}\) satisfy the usual hypotheses (\(p\)-growth, regularity, coercivity...) which ensure the existence of a unique weak solution \(u_{\varepsilon }\) in \( W^{1,p}(\Omega _{\varepsilon })\) of this problem. For the convergence result, the author uses the tools developed by \textit{G. Nguetseng} in a series of papers probably starting from [Z. Anal. Anwend. 22, No. 1, 73--107 (2003; Zbl 1045.46031)]. He first recalls the notion of real homogenization algebras and the properties of such Banach algebras. Then he defines the notion of \( \Sigma \)-convergence (linked to that of multiple scale) and that of reiterated convergence due to the difference of scales in the previously defined problem. He also introduces an extension operator \(P_\varepsilon\) adapted to this context in order to work in the fixed domain \(\Omega \). The main result of the paper proves the convergence of \(P_{\varepsilon }u_{\varepsilon }\) to some \(u_{0}\) in the weak convergence of \( W_{0}^{1,p}(\Omega )\) and that of \(\frac{\partial P_{\varepsilon }u_{\varepsilon }}{\partial x_{i}}\) to \(\frac{\partial u_{0}}{\partial x_{i}} +\partial _{i}u_{1}+\partial _{i}u_{2}\) for some \(u_{1}\) and \(u_{2}\) in the sense of reiterated convergence in \(L^{p}(\Omega )\) \(\Sigma \), for \(1\leq i\leq N\). The paper ends with some possible applications of the general convergence result. The author proves that his result can indeed be applied to a hydrodynamic lubrication problem. Then he considers different distributions of the holes inside the domain, between a totally periodic one, an almost periodic one and the concentration of the holes around some point of the domain. In each case, he specializes the general convergence result.