A Lefschetz hyperplane theorem for Mori dream spaces (Q543319)

Let \(X\) be a normal complex projective variety. The Cox ring of \(X\) is \[ R(X)=\bigoplus H^0(X,L), \] where the sum is taken over all elements of the Picard group of \(X\). A Mori dream space is a variety whose Cox ring is finitely generated. Mori dream spaces are very interesting because, as the name itself suggests, they behave particularly well with respect to Mory theory. In particular the cone of (pseudo-)effective divisors of a Mori dream space can be decomposed into finitely many Mori chambers, given by the closures of the equivalence classes made up by (\(\mathbb{Q}\)-)line bundles that asymptotically define the same rational map. The main theorem of this paper is an analogue for Mori dream spaces of the classical Lefschetz hyperplane theorem. In fact it gives a sufficient condition (*) such that if \(X\) is a smooth Mori dream space satisfying (*) and \(Y\subseteq X\) is a smooth ample divisor, then: {\parindent=6mm \begin{itemize}\item[-]\(Y\) is a Mori dream space; \item[-]The restriction map determines an isomorphism between the Néron-Severi groups \(N^1(X)_\mathbb{R}\simeq N^1(Y)_\mathbb{R}\); \item[-]After identifying \(N^1(X)_\mathbb{R}\) and \(N^1(Y)_\mathbb{R}\) via the restriction map, each Mori chamber of \(Y\) is a union of some Mori chambers of \(X\); \item[-]The restriction map identifies the nef cones \(\mathrm{Nef}(X)\) and \(\mathrm{Nef}(Y)\).\end{itemize}} As shown in [\textit{Y. Hu, S. Keel}, Mich. Math. J., 48, 331--348 (2000; Zbl 1077.14554)] every Mori dream space \(X\) is naturally a GIT quotient of the affine variety \(V=\mathrm{Spec} \;R(X)\) under the action of an algebraic torus. Moreover this GIT quotient is a good geometric quotient and the unstable locus \(V^{un}\) always has codimension \(\geq 2\) in \(V\). \(X\) satisfies \((*)\) if its unstable locus \(V^{un}\) has codimension \(\geq 3\) in \(V\). Equivalently \(X\) is said to have small unstable locus. In the paper the author also gives some explicit sufficient conditions for a Mori dream space to have small unstable locus and a characterization of this property in the case of a simplicial toric variety in terms of the structure of its fan.