A presentation by generators and relations of Nichols algebras of diagonal type and convex orders on root systems. (Q891767)

In the recent work on classifying finite-dimensional pointed Hopf algebras, much attention has been paid to Nichols algebras \(B(V)\), \(V\) a braided vector space of diagonal type. It was determined when \(B(V)\) is finite-dimensional by \textit{I. Heckenberger} [Adv. Math. 220, No. 1, 59-124 (2009; Zbl 1176.17011)], who gave all diagonal braidings such that \(B(V)\) has a finite root system, but no general presentation by generators and relations. In characterizing \(U_q(\mathfrak g)\) for \(\mathfrak g\) semisimple, convex orders on the root system were described. The paper under review considers convex orders on Nichols algebras \(B(V)\) of diagonal type. The main theorem gives generators and relations for such \(B(V)\) with a finite root system. There are two kinds of relations. One involves powers of root vectors (generators of a PBW basis). The other involves generalizations of quantum Serre relations which express the braided bracket of two root vectors as an explicit linear combination of other root vectors. The proof is based on Kharchenko's theory of PBW bases of Lyndon words [\textit{V. K. Kharchenko}, Algebra Logika 38, No. 4, 476-507 (1999; Zbl 0936.16034); translation in Algebra Logic 38, No. 4, 259-276 (1999)]. The author relates convex orders to coideal subalgebras. These lead to a corollary of the main theorem: If \(B(V)\) (\(V\) braided of diagonal type) has a finite root system and \(B(V)=T(V)/I(V)\), then the ideal \(I(V)\) is finitely-generated. The main theorem extends the known presentations by generators and relations for \(B(V)\) of standard type, and gives a new proof for braidings of Cartan type.