Singularly perturbed boundary value problems for elliptic equation with a curve of turning point (Q1607513)

The following singularly perturbed problem is studied: \[ L_{\varepsilon}u=\varepsilon Lu+f(x,y)\frac{\partial u}{\partial y}+g(x,y)u=0,\;(x,y)\in \Omega \] with \[ u(x,y)=\varphi_1(x),\;a\leq x\leq b,\;y\in \partial\Omega_1 \] and \[ u(x,y)=\varphi_2(x),\;a\leq x\leq b,\;y\in \partial\Omega_2, \] where \(\varepsilon>0\) and \[ L=a_{1,1}(x,y)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x^2}+2a_{1,2}(x,y)\frac{\partial^2}{\partial x\partial y} + a_{2,2}(x,y) \frac{\partial^2}{\partial y^2}. \] We assume an ellipticity condition for \(L\): There exists \(\lambda>0\) such that, for all \(\xi=(\xi_1,\xi_2)\in \mathbb R^2\), \(a_{1,1}\xi_1^2+2a_{1,2}\xi_1\xi_2+a_{2,2}\xi_2^2\geq \lambda(\xi_1^2+\xi_2^2)\). Moreover, \(\Omega=\Omega_1\cup \Omega_2\) is a smooth bounded domain in \(\mathbb R^2\). More precisely, \(\partial\Omega_1=\left\{(x,y);\;y=y_1(x)\geq 0\right\}\), \(\partial\Omega_2=\left\{(x,y);\;y=y_2(x)\leq 0\right\}\), \(y_i(a)=y_i(b)=0\), and \(f(x,0)=0\). It is also assumed that the coefficients of \(L,f,g,y_i\) and \(\varphi_i\) are smooth and bounded, and that \(f_y(x,y)<0\) and \(g(x,y)<0\). It is proved that the solution \(u(x,y,\varepsilon)\) of this problem has the following expansion: \[ \begin{multlined} u(x,y,\varepsilon)=\varphi_1(x)\exp\left(-\frac 1{\varepsilon}\int_{y_1(x)}^y \frac{f(x,y')}{a_{2,2}(x,y')}dy'\right) + \varphi_2(x)\exp\left(-\frac 1{\varepsilon}\int_{y_2(x)}^y \frac{f(x,y')}{a_{2,2}(x,y')}dy'\right)\\ + O(\varepsilon^{1/2})\end{multlined} \] when \(\varepsilon\rightarrow 0\).