Comparison results and steady states for the Fujita equation with fractional Laplacian. (Q1766518)

The authors consider a semilinear partial differential equation generalising the Fujita equation \[ \frac{\partial u}{\partial t}(t,x)=Lu(t,x) + G(u(t,x)), \;t\geq 0,\;x\in \mathbb{R}^d,\quad u(0,x)=\varphi (x) \geq 0, \] where \(L=-(-\Delta)^{\alpha/2}\), the fractional power of the Laplacian, \(0<\alpha\leq 2\), and \(G:\mathbb{R}_+ \rightarrow \mathbb{R}_+\) is some convex function. Blow-up properties for the solution to the above equation are studied, using new comparison criteria in the global regime [see also \textit{H. Fujita}, J. Fac. Sci., Univ. Tokyo, Sect. I 13, 109--124 (1966; Zbl 0163.34002); and \textit{S. Sugitani}, Osaka J. Math. 12, 45--51 (1975; Zbl 0303.45010)]. The main tool to prove these comparison results is a probabilistic representation given by the Feynman-Kac formula. Still in the case \(\alpha <2\), the authors specify a family of positive stationary solutions that are radially symmetric. Finally, symmetry of positive solutions in a ball is proved, making use of the method of moving planes.