A general realization theorem for matrix-valued Herglotz--Nevanlinna functions (Q865398)

It is shown that every matrix-valued Herglotz--Nevanlinna function is a transfer function of a non-canonical system. Here, a matrix-valued Herglotz--Nevanlinna function is a function admitting an integral representation of the form \[ V(z)=Q+Lz+\int_{\mathbb R}\left(\frac{1}{t-z}-\frac{1}{1+t^2}\right)\,d\Sigma(t), \] where \(Q=Q^*\), \(L\geq 0\), and \(\Sigma(t)\) is a nondecreasing matrix-valued function on \(\mathbb R\) with values in the class of nonnegative matrices satisfying some growth assumptions; non-canonical systems are special types of stationary conservative impedance and scattering systems. If \(L\) is invertible or \(L=0\), then the matrix-valued Herglotz--Nevanlinna function can be realized as a linear fractional transformation of the transfer function of a non-canonical scattering \(F_+\)-system. The classical Livšic systems can be derived from \(F_+\)-systems as a special case when \(F_+=I\) and the spectral measure \(d\Sigma(t)\) is compactly supported.