Exact traveling wave solutions and dynamical behavior for the \((n+1)\)-dimensional multiple sine-Gordon equation (Q2372513)

The author of this very interesting paper considers a generalized form of the double sine-Gordon equation \[ k\sum_{j=1}^{n}{\partial^2u\over \partial x_j^2} - {\partial^2u\over \partial t^2}= 2\alpha \sin(mu)+\beta \sin(2mu), \;\;m\geq 1 \tag{i} \] and the multiple sine-Gordon equation \[ k\sum_{j=1}^{n}{\partial^2u\over \partial x_j^2} - {\partial^2u\over \partial t^2}= \sum_{l=1}^{p}\alpha_l \sin(lmu), \tag{ii} \] where \(m\), \(n\), \(p\) are positive integers. The main result is that there exist uncountably infinite many periodic wave solutions and breaking bounded wave solutions for the above stated equations. In order to investigate the behavior of the solutions the author reduces the above equations to a system of two ordinary differential equations with a first integral. Then by the methods of the qualitative analysis and bifurcation theory it is shown the phase portraits of the singular points. The parametric representations of the bounded traveling wave solutions are discussed. It turns out that there exist solitary wave solutions as well as periodic ones.