The higher dimensional analogue of certain estimates of Roth and Sárközy (Q2453819)

For \(N\in\mathbb{N}\) let \(\mathcal{N}=[1, N]=\{1,\ldots, N\}\). For a given set \(\mathcal{A}\subset [1, N]^d\) let \[ A_{{\boldsymbol q}, {\boldsymbol x}}({\boldsymbol u}, {\boldsymbol v})=\sum_{^{\substack{ {\boldsymbol y}\in \mathcal{A}\\ \forall i:u_i<y_i\leq v_i,\\ y_i\equiv x_i \mod q_i }}} 1, \] let \(\eta= A_{{\boldsymbol 1},{\boldsymbol 0}}({\boldsymbol 0},(N,\ldots, N))/N^d.\) The discrepancy \(d_{{\boldsymbol q},{\boldsymbol x}}({\boldsymbol u},{\boldsymbol v}) =A_{{\boldsymbol q}, {\boldsymbol x}}({\boldsymbol u}, {\boldsymbol v})-\eta N_{{\boldsymbol q}, {\boldsymbol x}}({\boldsymbol u}, {\boldsymbol v})\) is defined. The author gives one-sided estimates of the discrepancies of subsets of the \(d\)-dimensional cubes which are generalizations to the multidimensional case of some results of \textit{K. F. Roth} [Math. Ann. 169, 1--25 (1967; Zbl 0151.03604); Math. Ann. 174, 41--52 (1967; Zbl 0166.05005)], and \textit{A. Sárközy} [Period. Math. Hung. 9, 127--144 (1978; Zbl 0413.10048)]. For example, the following estimate is shown. For \(\mathcal{A}\subset [1, N]^d\), \(\eta(1-\eta)\neq 0\), \(N>90(\eta(1-\eta))^{1/d}\) there exist \({\boldsymbol x}\), \({\boldsymbol q}\), \({\boldsymbol t}\) such that \(1\leq q_i\leq \frac{1}{3}((\eta(1-\eta))^{1/d}N)^{2/5}\) for \(i=1, \ldots, d\), and \(d_{{\boldsymbol q},{\boldsymbol x}}((x_1-q_1,\ldots, x_d-q_d), (x_1+(t_1-1)q_1, \ldots, x_d+(t_d-1)q_d))\geq \frac{1}{2^{2d+5/2}\pi^d}(\eta(1-\eta))^{7/10}N^{d/5}\).