A solution of an \(L^{2}\) extension problem with an optimal estimate and applications (Q2349043)

The authors give the proof of the generalization of the Ohsawa-Takegoshi extension theorem announced in [C. R. Math. Acad. Sci. Paris, 350 (2012), 753-756]. A slightly less general version, sufficient for several applications, is given below. Let \(c_A (t)\) denote a smooth function defined on \((-A, +\infty )\) and such that \(c_A (t) e^{-t}\) is decreasing. Let \(M\) be either a Stein manifold or a complex projective manifold, and \(S\) a closed complex subvariety. Let \(S'\) be a set containing \(S\) and negligible for \(L^2\) functions on \(M\). Further, suppose \(\Psi\) is almost plurisubharmonic on \(M\), smooth on \(M\setminus S'\), with \(S\) contained in the \(-\infty\) set of \(\Psi\), with singularities prescribed in the following way: if \(S\) is \(k\)-dimensional around a given regular point and in a local chart \(S\) is given by \(z_{k+1} = ... = z_n =0\), then in this chart \(\Psi\) has the same singularities as \((n-k)\log \sum _{k+1}^n |z_j |^2 \). Consider also a holomorphic vector bundle \(E\) on \(M\) of rank \(r\), and \(h\) a smooth metric on \(E\) with the property that \(h e^{-\Psi}\) is semipositive in the sense of Nakano on \(M\setminus S'\). Then, for a holomorphic section \(f\) of \(K_M\) tensor \(E\) restricted to \(S\), there exists an extension \(F\) to the whole tensor product on \(M\) with the estimate \[ \int _M c_A (\psi )|F|^2 _h dV_M \leq \int _A ^{\infty }c_A (t)e^{-t} dt \sum _{k=1}^{n} \frac{\pi ^k}{k!} \int _{S_{n-k}}|f|_h ^2 dV_M [\Psi ],\tag{1} \] provided the right hand side is finite. Here \(dV_M [\Psi ]\) is defined as a minimal element of the set of positive measures \(\mu\) satisfying \[ \int _{S_k} fd\mu \geq \limsup _{t\to \infty }\frac{2(n-k)}{\sigma _{2n-2k-1} }\int _M fe^{-\Psi }\chi _{\{ -1-t<\Psi <-t \} } dV_M , \] for any continuous, compactly supported \(f\), where \(\chi\) denotes the characteristic function and \(\sigma _k \) the area of the unit \(k\)-dimensional sphere. The important point is that the estimate (1) is no longer true if the right hand side is multiplied by a constant smaller than 1. The authors give several applications of this result. One of them is the characterisation of the sets for which the equality holds in the Suita conjecture [\textit{N. Suita}, Arch. Ration. Mech. Anal. 46, 212--217 (1972; Zbl 0245.30014)]. Others include a related conjecture of A. Yamada, a question of \textit{T. Ohsawa} on boundedness of the extension operators [Contemp. Math. 332, 235--239 (2003; Zbl 1049.32010)], the log-plurisubharmonicity of the Bergman kernel, and the optimal constant in various versions of the \(L^2\) extension theorem.