On the existence of weak solutions for singular strongly nonlinear boundary value problems on the half-line (Q2309440)

This paper discusses the solvability of the following boundary value problem (BVP) \[\Bigl(\Phi\bigl(a(t, x(t)) x'(t)\bigr)\Bigr)'=f(t, x(t),x'(t))\;a.e.\;\mbox{on}\;[0, \infty),\] \[x(0)=\nu_1,\quad x(\infty)=\nu_2.\] where \(\Phi: \mathbb{ R}\to \mathbb{ R}\) is a strictly increasing homeomorphism such that \(\Phi(0)=0\) and \(\lim_{z\to0}\inf\frac{\Phi(z)}{z^\rho}>0\) for a suitable \(\rho>0,\) \(a:[0,\infty)\times \mathbb{ R}\to \mathbb{ R}\) is nonnegative and continuous and can vanish on a set of zero Lebesgue measure, and \(f:[0,\infty)\times \mathbb{ R}^2\to \mathbb{ R}\) is a Carathéodory function. A basic hypothesis assumes that there exist lower and upper solutions \(\alpha, \beta \in W^{1,1}_{\mathrm{loc}}([0,\infty))\) such that \(\alpha\leq\beta\) on \([0,\infty),\) \(\lim_{t\to\infty}\beta(t)=\beta_0, \beta_0\in \mathbb{ R},\) and there is a constant \(T_0>0\) for which \(\beta\) is increasing on \([T_0, \infty).\) Another basic hypothesis, which is a version of the Nagumo-Wintner growth condition, assumes that there exist a nonnegative measurable function \(\psi:(0,\infty)\to(0,\infty),\) a nonnegative function \(l\in L^1([0, T_0]),\) a nonnegative function \(\mu\in L^q([0, T_0]),\) with some \(1<q\leq\infty\), and a constant \(H>0\) such that \[1/\psi\in L^1_{\mathrm{loc}}(0, \infty),\quad\int^{\infty}_1\frac{1}{\psi(t)}dt=\infty\] and \[|f(t,x,y)|\leq\psi\Bigl(|\Phi(a(t,x)y)|\Bigr)\Bigl(l(t)+\mu(t)|y|^{\frac{q-1}{q}}\Bigr)\] for a.e. \(t\in[0,T_0],\) every \(x\in[\alpha(t), \beta(t)]\) and any \(y\in \mathrm{ R}\) with \({|a(t,x)y|\geq H.}\) Under additional assumptions, the main result guarantees at least one solution \(x\in W^{1,p}_{\mathrm{loc}}([0,\infty)),\) where \(p>1\) is a suitable constant. Furthermore, \(\alpha(t)\leq x(t)\leq\beta(t)\) for any \(t\in[0,\infty).\)