On the symmetric and exterior powers of Young permutation modules (Q2214141)

Let \(G\) be a finite group and \(\mathbb{F}\) be a field of finite characteristic \(p\). If \(M\) and \(N\) are \(\mathbb{F}G\) modules, then we write \(M\mid N\) if \(M\) is a isomorphic to a direct summand of \(N\); and \(S^{a}M\) and \(\Lambda^{a}M\) to denote the \(a\)-th symmetric power (respectively, exterior power) of \(M\) for \(a=1,2,\dots\). Let \(c_{G}(M)\) denote the length of the shortest projective resolution of \(M\). The present paper considers the problem of finding \(c_{G}(S^{a}G)\) and \(c_{G}(\Lambda^{a}G)\) for finite groups, particularly when \(G\) is a symmetric group \(\mathfrak{S}_{n}\). Some these results strengthen earlier known results. The following are some examples. Theorem A: If \(G\) is a finite group of \(p\)-rank \(r\), and \(P\neq0\) is a finitely generated projective \(\mathbb{F}G\)-module, then for each \(a\) we have \(c_{G}(S^{a}P)=\min(\nu_{p}(a),r)\) where \(p^{\nu_{p}(a)}\parallel a\); moreover, \(c_{G}(\Lambda^{a}P)=c_{G}(S^{a}P)\) whenever \(a\leq\dim_{\mathbb{F}}P\). Assume \(G=\mathfrak{S}_{n}\), let \(M^{\lambda}\) be the \(\mathbb{F}\mathfrak{S}_{n}\)-Young permutation module for a partition \(\lambda\vdash n\), and let \(Y^{\lambda}\) be the corresponding (indecomposable) Specht module (so \(Y^{\lambda}\) is a direct summand of multiplicity \(1\) in \(M^{\lambda}\)). Theorem B: For each \(a>1\) and \(\lambda\vdash n\) there exists some \(\mu\vdash n\) such that \(Y^{\mu}\mid S^{a}M^{\lambda}\) and \(c_{\mathfrak{S}_{n}}(Y^{\mu})=c_{\mathfrak{S}_{n}}(S^{a}M^{\lambda})\); moreover, if \(\lambda\neq(n)\) then there exists \(\mu\) such that \(Y^{\mu}\mid\Lambda ^{2}M^{\lambda}\) and \(c_{\mathfrak{S}_{n}}(Y^{\mu})=c_{\mathfrak{S}_{n}}(\Lambda^{a}M^{\lambda})\). Corollary 3.7: If \(\lambda=(\lambda_{1},...,\lambda_{\ell})\) then \(S^{a}M^{\lambda}\) is projective if and only if either (i) \(n < p\) or (ii) \(p\nmid a\) and \(\lambda_{i} < p\) for all \(i\). Corresponding, but more complicated, theorems describe the projective modules of the form \(\Lambda^{a}M^{\lambda}\) and the value of \(c_{\mathfrak{S}_{n}}(\Lambda^{2}M^{\lambda})\).