\(m\)-isometric composition operators on directed graphs with one circuit (Q2230507)

Let \(\mathcal{H}\) be a nonzero complex Hilbert space, \(m\in \mathbb{N}\). A bounded linear operator \(T\) on \(\mathcal{H}\) is called \(m\)-isometry if \[\mathcal{B}_m(T):= \sum_{k= 0}^{m}(-1)^k \binom{m}{k} {T^*}^k T^k= 0.\] In the paper under review, the authors characterise bounded \(m\)-isometric composition operators \(C_{\phi}\) on a directed graph with one circuit. Let \(\kappa \in \mathbb{N}\), \(\eta \in \mathbb{N}\cup \{\infty\}\) and \((X, \mathcal{A}, \mu)\) be a discrete measure space, where \(X= \{x_1, \ldots, x_{\kappa}\} \cup \bigcup_{i= 1}^{\eta} \{x_{i, j}: j\in \mathbb{N}\}\), here \(\{x_i\}_{i= 1}^{\kappa}\) and \(\{x_{i, j}\}_{i,j}\) are two disjoint systems of distinct points of \(X\). Assume that \(\phi: X\to X\) be defined by \[ \phi(x)= \begin{cases} x_{i, j-1} & \text{ if } x= x_{i, j} \text{ for some } i\in \mathbb{N}\cap [1, \eta] \text{ and } j\in \mathbb{N}\setminus\{1\}, \\ x_{\kappa} & \text{ if } x= x_{i, 1} \text{ for some } i\in \mathbb{N}\cap [1, \eta] \text{ or } x= x_1, \\ x_{i-1} & \text{ if } x= x_{i} \text{ for some } i\in \{j\in \mathbb{N}: 2 \leq j \leq \kappa\}. \end{cases} \] Then an operator of the form \(C_{\phi}f:= f \circ \phi\), \(f\in L^2(\mu)\), is called a composition operator on a directed graph with one circuit. The authors show that such an operator \(C_{\phi}\) is an \(m\)-isometry if and only if the measure \(\mu\) is a polynomial of degree at most \(m-2\). Furthermore, they give an equivalent condition for such \(C_{\phi}\) to be analytic, and as a corollary, every \(m\)-isometric composition operator on a directed graph with one circuit, for \(m\geq 2\), is analytic. In the final section, the authors investigate the subnormality of the Cauchy dual operator of \(C_{\phi}\). If the composition operator \(C_{\phi}\) is left invertible, it is known that the Cauchy dual operator \(C'_{\phi}\), defined by \(C_{\phi}(C_{\phi}^* C_{\phi})^{-1}\), is a weighted composition operator \[C'_{\phi} f= \frac{1}{h_{\phi}\circ \phi}\cdot C_{\phi}f, \quad f\in L^2(\mu),\] where \(h_{\phi}\) is the Radon-Nikodym derivative. As a result, if the bounded composition operator \(C_{\phi}\) on a directed graph with circuit containing only one element is a \(2\)-isometry, then \(C'_{\phi}\) is subnormal. An \(m\)-isometric completion problem is discussed in the paper, as well as examples and a good collection of the references.