Mean convergence of Fourier-Akhiezer-Chebyshev series (Q6084828)

For \(a\in (0, \pi)\) let consider the interval \((a, 2\pi-a)\) and the weight function \(\omega_{a} (\theta) = \frac{\sin(a/2)}{2 \sin(\theta/2) \sqrt{\cos^{2}(a/2) - \cos^{2}(\theta/2)}} \textbf{1}_{(a, 2\pi-a)}.\) Here \(\textbf{1}_{A}\) denotes the characteristic function of the set \(A.\) This weight is known in the literature as the Akhiezer-Chebyshev weight, supported on the arc of the unit circle \(\Delta_{a}= \{ e^{i\theta}, a < \theta < 2\pi- a\}.\) It was introduced in [\textit{N. I. Akhiezer}, Sov. Math., Dokl. 1, 31--34 (1960; Zbl 0129.28305); translation from Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 130, 247--250 (1960)] Let \(\{\varphi_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq 0}\) be the sequence of orthonormal polynomials with respect to the inner product \(\langle f, g \rangle= \int _{a}^{2\pi-a}f(e^{i\theta}) \overline{g( e^{i\theta})}\omega_{a}(\theta) d\theta.\) These polynomials have been studied in [\textit{L. Golinskii}, J. Approx. Theory 95, No. 2, 229--263 (1998; Zbl 0916.42016)]. Let \( L^{p}((a, 2\pi-a),\omega_{a}), 1 <p <\infty, \) be the linear space of functions \(f: (a, 2\pi-a) \rightarrow \mathbb{C}\) such that \(\int _{a}^{2\pi-a}| f( e^{i\theta})|^{p} \omega_{a} (\theta) d\theta < \infty.\) In the paper under review the authors prove that for a function \(f\) in such a space and if \(S_{n}( f; z) =\sum_{k=0}^{n} \langle f, \varphi_{k} \rangle \varphi_{k}(z)\) denotes its \(n\)-th partial Fourier sum in terms of the sequence of orthonormal polynomials \(\{\varphi_{n}(z)\}_{n\geq0},\) then you get the mean convergence of Fourier-Akhiezer-Chebyshev series , i. e., \(\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty} \int _{a}^{2\pi-a} | f(e^{i\theta})- S_{n}( f; e^{i\theta})|^ {p} \omega_{a}(\theta) d\theta=0.\) The Banach-Steinhaus theorem is used to prove the existence of a constant \(C,\) independent of \(f,\) such that for every \(n\) the inequality \(\int _{a}^{2\pi-a} |S_{n}( f; e^{i\theta})|^ {p} \omega_{a}(\theta) d\theta \leq C \int _{a}^{2\pi-a} | f(e^{i\theta})|^{p} \omega_{a}(\theta) d\theta\) holds. Then, as a consequence of the Szegő-Kolmogorov-Krein's theorem, the algebraic polynomials are dense in \( L^{p}((a, 2\pi-a),\omega_{a})\) and the statement follows. For the above weight function, an estimate for the corresponding sequence of para-orthonormal polynomials as well as a weighted inequality for the Hilbert transform on an arc of the unit circle are deduced as auxiliary results. Finally, the mean convergence of the Fourier series in terms of orthonormal polynomials with respect to a perturbation of the Akhiezer-Chebyshev weight times a Lipschitz function is obtained.